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Microbiology > Exam 3 (Spirochetes & Mycoplasma) > Flashcards

Exam 3 (Spirochetes & Mycoplasma) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Treponema pallidum
Gram:
Flagella:

A

Gram: G-
Flagella: 3/pole, axial filament

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2
Q

Details of transmission of Treponema pallidum

A
  • fragile (only survive transmission without exposure

- sexual/congenital transmission in body fluids through mucous membranes

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3
Q

How is Treponema pallidum similar to mycobacterium?

A

-their associated diseases are caused by the host’ immune responses not the pathogen

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4
Q

What are the three stages to a syphilis infection?

A
  1. Local: hard ulcer at site of infection, infectious
  2. Disseminated: rash, aches, mucous membrane lesions, infectious
  3. Gummas, damage to blood vessels, eyes, CNS, insanity, NON INFECTIOUS
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5
Q

What stage of a syphilis infection is infectious?

A

The last stage

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6
Q

Primary Syphilis: _______ weeks
Asymptomatic Period: ______ weeks
Secondary Syphilis: _____ weeks

A

Primary: 2-6 weeks
Asymptomatic: 2-24 weeks
Secondary: 2-6 weeks (50% of primary go on to secondary)

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7
Q

What are gummas?

A

Granuloma lesion that can perforate tissues (like roof of mouth)
-form in tertiary syphilis

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8
Q

Congenital Syphilis treatment?

A

-completely preventable with penicillin tx in early pregnancy

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9
Q

What are two dental manifestations of congenital syphilis?

A
  • Hutchinson’s Teeth (notched)

- Mulberry Molars

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10
Q

Treatment for primary or secondary syphilis?

A

Penicillin for infections with actively growing spirochetes

NO VACCINE

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11
Q

Borellia
Gram:
Shape:

A

Gram: G-
Shape: Spirochete

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12
Q

Lyme Disease is caused by…

A

Borrelia burgdorferi in the Ixodes scapularis Tick

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13
Q

_____ are responsible for a majority B. burgdorferi infections.

A

Nymphs

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14
Q

What are the reservoirs for Lyme disease?

A

rodents and deer

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15
Q

3 Stages of Lyme Disease

A
  1. Acute/Local: fever
  2. Disseminated: nerve paralysis w/ heart arrhythmia (2-8 weeks)
  3. Chronic: arthritis, CNS paralysis (due to persistent immune response (>6 months)
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16
Q

What is the main virulence factor of Borrelia spp.?

A

antigenic variation that causes relapsing fever from effective immune responses

17
Q

Endemic relapsing fever is _____-borne.

A

tick (B. miyamotoi)

18
Q

Epidemic relapsing fever is ____-borne.

A

louse (B. recurrentis)

19
Q

Rickettsia
Gram:
Growth Medium:

A

Gram: G-
Growth: obligate intracellular parasite (endothelial cells)

20
Q

Rickettsia causes ______________ to hosts.

A

vascular hemorrhages

21
Q

Rickettsia is transmitted by…..

Reservoir is…

A
  • wood ticks

- reservoir is wild rodents

22
Q

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is caused by….

A

Rickettsia

23
Q

The spots of the Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever are caused by…

A

Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes lysing infected endothelial cells. can disseminated to heart and kidneys and cause shock…death

24
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis gram type?

A

G-

25
Q

Can C. trachomatis be cultured in a lab?

A

no

26
Q

Unique characteristic of C. trachomatis cell wall

A

no “peptidoglycan” synth but still looks G-

27
Q

Disease associated with Chlamydia trachomatis is caused by…

A

release of cytokines by infected cells creates damaging cell-mediated immune response

28
Q

5 Step process of C. trachomatis infecting a cell through cell lysis/exocytosis

A
  1. adhesion to epithelial cell microvilli
  2. reticulate body (replicating, fragile, noninfectious) in phagosomes without lysosomal fusion
  3. replication and division
  4. elementary body formation (stable, infectious)
  5. cell lysis/exocytosis
29
Q

How many serotypes…
Gonorrheal-like sexual disease: ?
Lymphogranuloma venereum: ?
Trachoma: ?

A

Gonorrheal-like: 8 serotypes

Lymphogranuloma venereum: 3 serotypes

Trachoma: 4 serotypes

30
Q

What Chlamydial disease causes walking pneumonia?

A

C. pneumoniae

31
Q

Chlamydial diseases have no immune protection. Reinfection with a Chlamydial disease causes a ____________.

A

stronger cell mediated immune response

32
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Gram:
Size:
O2 req:

A

Gram: non-gram staining
Size: 0.45 micrometers (cannot filter out)
O2 req: strict aerobe

33
Q

______________ have a strong membrane due to sterols.

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

34
Q

What is the leading cause of mild pneumonia in schools/military?

A

M. pneumonia (aerosol transmission in crowds)

35
Q

Is a vaccine available?

Pneumococcal pneumonia:

Klebsiella pneumonia:

Mycoplasmal pneumonia:

A

Pneumococcal: capsular vaccine available

Klebsiella: none

Mycoplasmal: none

36
Q

Why is Mycoplasmal pneumonia called walking pneumonia?

A

usually mild without need for hospitalization

Microbiology (11 decks)

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