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Microbiology > Exam 3 (Helicobacter, Pseudomonas, Bordetella, Corynebacterium) > Flashcards

Exam 3 (Helicobacter, Pseudomonas, Bordetella, Corynebacterium) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Gram type and shape of Helicopbacter pylori

A
  • G-

- vibrio rod

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2
Q

Mech of urease for H. pylori.

A

converts urea to ammonia which increases pH of stomach acid

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3
Q

Mech of VacA?

A

protein acts on gastric mucosal epithelia and promotes flow of urea to stomach

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4
Q

Significance of CagA protein?

A

inject by H. pylori into epithelia and can lead to cancer

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5
Q

Urease, VacA, CagA, mucinase, and flagella are all virulence factors of what bacteria?

A

Helicobacter pylori

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6
Q

How are gastric ulcers formed?

A

orgs survive acidity of stomach with urease, mucinase penetrates mucus, ors penetrate epithelial cell where they incite inflammatory response

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7
Q

___ to ___% of infected individuals will develop ulcerations. More than ___% of individuals with stomach cancer are infected with ___________.

A
  • 10 to 20%
  • 90%
  • Helicobacter pylori
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8
Q

Most people infected with H. pylori have ______

A

no symptoms (symptom free carrier)

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9
Q 
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Gram:
Shape:
Flagella?:
Oxygen Req:
Nut Req:
Temp range:
A 
Gram: G-
Shape: Rod
Flagella: polar, one or more, high mobility
O2 Req: Obligate aerobe
Nut Req: acetate
Temp Range: 20 to 43 C (Broad)
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10
Q

Significance of alginate virulence factor. What organism is this in?

A
  • adherence, protects from dehydration, immune evasion, biofilm formation
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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11
Q

What part of Pseudomonas aeruginosa interacts with CFTR?

A

Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator

-Lipopolysaccharide

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12
Q

Pseudomonas aerugeniosa are ______ pathogens.

A

opportunistic (nosocomial hospital)

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13
Q

P. aeruginosa is common in _____________, resistant to many __________ (like_____), and has _________ based resistance to many antibiotics.

A
  • water/soil (hot tubs)
  • disinfectants b/c of capsule
  • like iodine
  • R-plasmid
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14
Q

What bacteria is characterized by soluble blue-green dye (pyocyanin and pyoverdin)?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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15
Q

What What bacteria is known for it’s nosocomial infections of respiratory patients (especially cystic fibrosis pts)?

A

P. aeruginosa

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16
Q 
Bordetella pertussis
Gram:
Shape:
O2 req:
Motility:
Capsule:
A 
Gram: G-
Shape: coccobacilli (short rods)
O2 Req: strict aerobe
Motility: none
Capsule: yes
17
Q

Where do Bordetella pertussis grow in host?

A

dense surface growth with mucus production in lower respiratory tract (bronchi and bronchioli)
NO CELL INVASION

18
Q

3 Toxins of B. pertussis?

A
  • Pertussis toxin ptx (ADP ribosylation = incr cAMP = incr mucus and other secretions
  • secreted invasice adenylate cyclase/hemolysin = incr cAMP
  • tracheal cytotoxin (Nitric Oxide release) kills ciliated cells (component of peptidoglycan disacc-tetrapeptide)
19
Q

Why do B. pertussis capsules release tracheal cytotoxin while other G- do not?

A

B. pertussis is not capable of recycling TCT within cell wall with a transporter protein while others can

20
Q

Transmission and treatment of b. pertussis?

A
  • aerosol transmission from adult reservoirs to children

- DTaP vaccine (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis)

21
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Gram:
Shape:

A

Gram: G+
Shape: pleiomorphic rods (club shaped)

22
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheriae are ____________ pathogens. They are also __________ pathogens with ___________ effects.

A
  • opportunistic
  • oral
  • systemic
23
Q

Other than throat adhesion, what is the only virulence factor of C. diphtheriae?

A

-diphtheria toxin

24
Q

Mechanism of action of diphtheria toxin?

A

A-chain of toxin inhibits ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor 2. This prevents ribosomes from moving down mRNA and doing prot synth

25
Q

What is the pseudomembrane made by C. diphtheriae made of?

A

-bacterial cells + damaged host cells + blood

26
Q

Disease risks of C. diphtheriae toxin? Local vs Systemic

A

Local: esophageal paralysis, suffocation
Systemic: cardiac arrhythmia, kidney failure

27
Q

Spread and treatment of Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

A

Spread: saliva droplets
Tx: prevent by toxoid vaccination

28
Q

What three diseases were nearly erradicated by vaccination in the 1920s?

A

Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus

Microbiology (11 decks)

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