exam 3: salivary glands

Question 1

saliva is involved to some degree in all of the following functions
x10

Answer 1

speech
mastication
taste
swallowing
digestion
protection
buffering
antimicrobial action
maintenance of tooth integrity
soft tissue repair

Question 2

protein thought to be necessary for growth and maturation and taste buds

Answer 2

gustin

Question 3

this degrades starch in digestion

Answer 3

salivary amylase

Question 4

prevents potential pathogenic bacteria from colonizing the mouth (most require an acidic pH)

microbrial acids

Answer 4

buffering

Question 5

protein that raises pH of dental plaque after exposure to fermentable carbohydrates

Answer 5

sialin

Question 6

hydrolyzes bacterial cell walls

Answer 6

lysozyme (antimicrobial action)

Question 7

binds free iron and thereby deprives bacteria of an essential nutrient

Answer 7

lactoferrin (antimicrobial action)

Question 8

causes bacterial clumping (agglutination)

Answer 8

salivary IgA (antimicrobial action)

Question 9

calcium and phosphate ions faciliate mineralization of tooth surface

Answer 9

maintenance of tooth integrity

Question 10

epithelial growth factor
clotting factor

Answer 10

soft tissue repair

Question 11

________cells dictate differentiation of oral epithelium which in turn proliferates and grows into the underlying mesenchyme.

the epithelial buds undergo histodifferentiation and morphodifferentiation to form assemblies of

Answer 11

ectomesenchymal cells

alveoli that devleop into acinar cells
and
epithelial cords that develop into ducts

Question 12

stages of salivary gland development:
1
2
3
4
5
6

Answer 12

1. induction of oral epithelium by underlying ectomesenchyme
2. growth of epithelial cord
3. initiation of epithelial cord branching
4. repetitive branching and lobule formation
5. canalization of the presumptive ducts
6. cytodifferentiation to become acinar cells, myoepithelial cells, and ductal cells

Question 13

last stage of salivary gland development is cytodifferentiation to become acinar cells, myoepithelial cells, and ductal cells with what two growth factors

Answer 13

FGF (fibroblast gf)
EGF (epidermal gf)

Question 14

salivary glands-development and structure

FGF + EGF + terminal bulb cells ->

Answer 14

acinar cells
myoepithelial cells
duct cells

Question 15

the parotid and submandibular glands begin to form during the _______ of embryonic development with the sublingual gland initiating development during the ______

Answer 15

6th week
8th week

Question 16

the minor salivary glands begin to form by the ______ of embryonic development

Answer 16

10th week

Question 17

hierarchy of ducts starting at the level of the secreting unit (acinus)

Answer 17

intercellular canaliculus
intercalated duct
striated duct
excretory duct (aka collecting duct)

Question 18

associated with terminal end pieces (acini) and intercalated ducts

Answer 18

myoepithelial cells (aka basket cells)

Question 19

stenson’s duct

Answer 19

parotid gland

Question 20

wharton’s duct

Answer 20

submandibular gland

Question 21

bartholin’s duct

Answer 21

sublingual gland

Question 22

PURE SEROUS secreting gland

Answer 22

parotid

Question 23

responsible for 20% of unstimulated salivary flow

Answer 23

parotid

Question 24

what occurs in mumps, sjorgens syndrome, bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, benign and malignant neoplasia

Answer 24

salivary gland enlargement

Question 25

MIXED SEROMUCOUS gland (mostly serous with mucous contributions)

Answer 25

submandibular gland

Question 26

responible for 60% of unstimulated salivary flow

Answer 26

submandibular gland

Question 27

MIXED MUCOSEROUS gland (mostly mucous secreting)

Answer 27

sublingual gland

Question 28

responsible for 10% of unstimulated salivary flow

Answer 28

sublingual gland and also minor salivary glands

Question 29

most minor salivary glands are ____secreting

Answer 29

mucous

Question 30

minor salivary glands are: 1 2 3 4

Answer 30

von ebners blandin-nuhn webers carmalts

Question 31

pure serous glands associated with circumvallate papillae

Answer 31

von ebner's

Question 32

mucoserous glands located on ventral surface at tip of tongue

Answer 32

blandin-nuhn

Question 33

mucous glands associated with the pharyngeal tonsils

Answer 33

weber's

Question 34

mucous glands found in the mandibular retromolar area

Answer 34

carmalt's

Question 35

product secreted into blood and affects other cells; no duct system

Answer 35

endocrine (classification of glands)

Question 36

secrete product onto a surface; usually has a duct

Answer 36

exocrine (classification of glands)

Question 37

little/no damage to secreting cells (salivary glands)

Answer 37

(classification of glands) merocrine

Question 38

partial injury to secreting cells (mammary/sweat glands)

Answer 38

(classification of glands) apocrine

Question 39

total destruction of secreting cells (sebaceous glands)

Answer 39

holocrine

Question 40

not a pathologic lesion represent ectopic sebaceous glands

Answer 40

fordyce's granules (fordyce spots)

Question 41

result of trauma that SEVERS the duct resulting in extravasation of mucin into the surrounding soft tissues

Answer 41

salivary gland mucocele

Question 42

where are the most common site of occurrence in salivary gland mucocele

Answer 42

lips, tip of ventral surface of the tongue and soft palate

Question 43

this is characterized by an accumulation of mucin containing numerous foamy histiocytes surrounded by granulation tissue

Answer 43

salivary gland mucocele

Question 44

term used to designate a mucocele that occurs in the floor of the mouth. most often involve the sublingual salivary gland

Answer 44

ranula

Question 45

chronic, systemic autoimmune disease 80-90% of cases occur in middle aged females xerostomia, xerophthalmia or keratoconjuctivitis sicca -parotid gland swelling due to lymohocytic and plasma cell infiltrate

Answer 45

Sjogren's syndrome

Question 46

benign tumor that accounts for 53- 77% of parotid gland tumors 44-68% submand 38-43% minor salivary gland tumors

Answer 46

mixed tumors aka pleomorphic adenoma

Question 47

well circumscribed (restrictive) and encapsulated -tissue derived from mixture of ductal and myoepithelial cells -keratinizing squamous cells and mucous producing cells are also present

Answer 47

mixed tumor aka pleomorphic adenoma

Question 48

one of the most common salivary gland malignancies

Answer 48

mucoepidermoid carinoma

Question 49

mucoepidermoid carcinoma most commonly involves what gland: (facial nerve palsy may develop)

Answer 49

parotid

Question 50

composed of a mixture of mucous producing cells and squamous epidermoid cells. abudant cellular pleomorphism and a tendency to form cystic areas within the tumor cell mass

Answer 50

mucoepidermoid carcinoma