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histopath > exam 3: oral mucous membrane > Flashcards

exam 3: oral mucous membrane Flashcards

1
Q

top to bottom oral mucous membrane layers: (of the epithelial layer)

A

keratin/corneum
granular/granulosum
spinous/spinosum
basal/basale

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2
Q

both of these aid in attachment

A

epithelial rete pegs and
connective tissue papilla

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3
Q

characteristics of epithelium:
1
2
3
4
5

A
  1. rests on basement membrane
  2. 1 or more specialized intercellular attachments: desmosomes, tonofilaments
  3. avascular (all nutrients from dermis)
  4. high degree of cellularity and low vol of ECM
  5. ~cellular polarity (apical, basal, and lateral borders)
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4
Q

refers to normal keratin formation with clinically normal presentation

A

orthokeratosis

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5
Q

retention of pyknotic nuclei in the stratum corneum (nuclei still present)

A

parakeratosis

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6
Q

abnormal thickening of the stratum corneum.
may exhibit aberrant patterns of keratinization

A

hyperkeratosis

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7
Q

abnormal keratinization below the level of the stratum corneum
(keratinization within the stratum granulosum and or stratum spinosum

A

dyskeratosis

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8
Q

refers to hyperplasia of the epithelial layers (increase in the number of the cells)

A

acanthosis

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9
Q

loss of intercellular attachments between epithelial cells (keratinocytes)

A

acantholysis

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10
Q

REVERSIBLE change in which one adult cell type is replaced by another

(transition of columnar to squamous epithelium in the respiratory tract as a response to smoking)

A

metaplasia

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11
Q

refers to a disorder but non-neoplastic growth of tissue including the epithelial layer

characterized by phenomorphism, hyperchromastim, and loss of normal spatial orientation

A

dysplasia

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12
Q

(nonkeratinocytes in oral epithelium)

dendritic morphology (long processes)
located in the BASAL cell layer
-sysnthesis of melanin pigment granules (melanosomes)

A

melanocyte

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13
Q

dendritic morphology
-located in the stratum SPINOSUM
-functions as an antigen trap on epithelial and transgers antigen information to CD4 lymphoyctes

A

langerhan cells

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14
Q

rounded morphology
-located in the BASAL cell layer
-contains characteristics “dense core” granules
-possiblh has tactile sensory functions

A

merkel’s cell

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15
Q

rounded morphology
-found in basal and spinous cell layers
-immune surveillance and antigen message processing
-associated with inflammation- both humoral and cellular response

A

lymphocytes

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16
Q

organization of the basement membrane:

A

lucida
densa
(both are parent of basal lamina)
reticularis

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17
Q

composition of the basal lamina.
lamina lucida:

A

-bullous pemphigoid antigen
-type Vll collagen

(BMG-1
laminin-1, -5, -6 and entactin)

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18
Q

composition of the basal lamina.
lamina densa:

A

type IV collagen
type Vll collagen

(laminin-1, BMG-1, fibronectin, integrins)

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19
Q

lamina reticularis composition:

A

reticulin connective tissue
type I collagen
type III collagen
elastin connective tissue

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20
Q

relationships of cytoskeletal components to the basal lamina.

cytoplasm of cell:
-intermediate filaments or __________
-
-
-
-

A

:tonofilaments!!

actin
myosin
talin
vinculin

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21
Q

relationships of cytoskeletal components to the basal lamina.
hemidesmosome: 2
-
-
-
-
-

A

bullous pemphigoid antigen 1!!
bullous pemphigoid antigen 2!!
cadherins!!
syndecans
integrin

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22
Q

relationships of cytoskeletal components to the basal lamina.
lamina lucida: 3

A

bpag2 and bpag2
-bmg-1
laminin-1
kalinin and K-laminin (laminin-5 and -6)
entactin

type Vll collagen!!
epiligrin

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23
Q

relationships of cytoskeletal components to the basal lamina.
lamina densa: 4

A

laminin-1
type IV collagen !!
type Vll collagen!!
bmg-1
fibronectin
integrins

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24
Q

relationships of cytoskeletal components to the basal lamina.
lamina reticularis of the lamina propria: 5

A

type I collagen!
type III collagen!
reticulin
elastin

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25
Q

specialized cell attachments of the oral mucous membranes:
1
2
3
4
5

A
  1. desmosome
  2. hemidesmosome
  3. intermediate junction
  4. tight junction
  5. gap junction
26
Q

protein components of desmosomes:

A

e-cadherin!!
p-caderin !!

desmoplakin I and II
evoplakin
plaoglobin

27
Q

permanent or resident cell population:
1
2
3
4
5

A

fibroblast
monocyte-> histiocyte-> macrophage
basophil-> mast cell
plasma cell
endothelial cell

28
Q

transient or labile cell population

A

neutrophils
lymphocytes

29
Q

secretes collagen and elastin

A

fibroblast

30
Q

resident precursor of functional macrophage

A

histiocyte

31
Q

blood-borne precursor of functional macrophage

A

monocyte

32
Q

phagocytic cell capable of antigen processing

A

macrophage

33
Q

secretes inflammatory mediators (histamine, heparin)

A

mast cell

34
Q

synthesis of immunoglobulins (antibodies)

A

plasma cell

35
Q

phagocytic cell capable of neutralizing antigens and killing bacteria

A

neutrophil

36
Q

humoral and cell-mediated immune response

A

lymphocyte

37
Q

lining of blood and lymphatic vessels

A

endothelial

38
Q

hair-like papillae
highly keratinized
and mot numerous
found over the entire dorsal surface of tongue

A

filiform papillae

39
Q

fungus like papillae
small round, RED surface projections (color is due to highly vascular connective tissue core)

may contain taste buds
commonly found on tip of tongue

A

fungiform papillae

40
Q

leaf like papillae
taste buds
contains LYMPHOID nodules with germinal centers
-forms part of Waldeyer’s ring
-located on the posterior lateral margins of the tongue

A

foliate

41
Q

walled papillae
6-8
anterior to sulcus terminalis on the posterior dorsal tongue surface
papillae sulcus is cleared of taste stimuli by serous salivary glands of von ebner

A

circumvallate papillae

42
Q

these papillae tend to be more sensitive to bitter compounds

A

circumvallate papillae

43
Q

respond best to salt and sweet stimuli

A

fungiform papillae

44
Q

papillae show a bias for sweet

A

foliate papillae

45
Q

nerve supply for taste:

anterior 2/3 of tongue:

posterior 1/3 of tongue:

soft palate:

walls of pharynx and epiglottis:

taste fibers from all three nerves converge in the ________ in the brain stem

A

anterior 2/3: facial nerve CVIII via the chorda tympani

posterior 1/3: glossopharyngeal CNIX

soft palate: facial nerve CNVII via greater petrosal branch

walls of pharnyx and epiglottis: vagus nerve CX

tractus solitarius in the brainstem

46
Q

t-lymphocyte infiltrates with Langerhans cell hyperplasia

cell-mediated immune injury to basal cells is suspected

A

lichen planus

47
Q

thickening of the stratum corneum, often with aberrant keratinization
(tongue)

A

hyperkeratosis

48
Q

white plaque of the oral mucous membranes that cannot be removed by scraping and cannot be classified histologically as another disease entity.

until proven, this should be considered as PRECANEROUS

A

leukoplakia

49
Q

oral cancer accounts for about 3% of all cancers

A

squamous cell carcinoma

50
Q

highest indicence of SCCA is in

A

middle aged african american males

51
Q

most common site for oral SCCA is the:

other common sites:

A

posterior lateral border of the tongue

other common sites: ventral and floor of mouth

52
Q

strong relationships between SCCA and:

A

tobacco smoking
chewing tobacco
alcohol consumption
phenol exposure
oncogneic viruses (HPV)
immunsuppression (AIDS)
oncogens and tumor suppressor genes

53
Q

these lesion arise from dysplastic surface epithelium and features alterations in size, shape, and organization of the cellular components, including nuclear pleomorphism

A

histopathology of SCCA

54
Q

SCCA lesions exhibit _________ and cords of malignant squamous epithelial cells

A

invasive islands

55
Q

in SCCA, what abnormal production of keratin is a frequent finding
(round focus of concentrically layered keratinized cells)

A

keratin pearls

56
Q

autoimmune disease
-antigen is the adhesin protein epiligrin found in the lamina lucida
-characterized by linear accumulation of IgG and C3 along the basement membrane

A

BMMP
benign mucous membrane pemphigoid
aka mucousal pemphigoid

57
Q

what age and gender does BMMP (mucousal pemphigoid) affect

A

older adults in the 50-60
females affected more often then males by ratio of 2:1

58
Q

BMMP involvement of the ____ of the eye results in scarring(symblepharon)

A

conjunctiva

59
Q

syndrome involving abnormal or lack of development of ectodermal structures such as hair, eyebrows, eye lashes, teeth

A

ectodermal dysplasia

60
Q

reactive rather than neoplastic
-represent maturation of pyogenic granuloma
-gingival mass with islands of CALCIFIED material
-soft tissue growth on gingiva

A

peripheral ossifying fibroma

61
Q

peripheral ossifying fibroma most common:

A

60-65% in women
on gingiva
between 10 and 19 years

62
Q

expressed in the distribution of cytoplasmic organelles

cells exhibit apical, basal, lateral borders

A

epithelium may exhibit cellular polarity

histopath (13 decks)

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