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exam 3: oral mucous membrane Flashcards

1
Q

top to bottom oral mucous membrane layers: (of the epithelial layer)

A

keratin/corneum
granular/granulosum
spinous/spinosum
basal/basale

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2
Q

both of these aid in attachment

A

epithelial rete pegs and
connective tissue papilla

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3
Q

characteristics of epithelium:
1
2
3
4
5

A
  1. rests on basement membrane
  2. 1 or more specialized intercellular attachments: desmosomes, tonofilaments
  3. avascular (all nutrients from dermis)
  4. high degree of cellularity and low vol of ECM
  5. ~cellular polarity (apical, basal, and lateral borders)
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4
Q

refers to normal keratin formation with clinically normal presentation

A

orthokeratosis

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5
Q

retention of pyknotic nuclei in the stratum corneum (nuclei still present)

A

parakeratosis

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6
Q

abnormal thickening of the stratum corneum.
may exhibit aberrant patterns of keratinization

A

hyperkeratosis

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7
Q

abnormal keratinization below the level of the stratum corneum
(keratinization within the stratum granulosum and or stratum spinosum

A

dyskeratosis

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8
Q

refers to hyperplasia of the epithelial layers (increase in the number of the cells)

A

acanthosis

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9
Q

loss of intercellular attachments between epithelial cells (keratinocytes)

A

acantholysis

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10
Q

REVERSIBLE change in which one adult cell type is replaced by another

(transition of columnar to squamous epithelium in the respiratory tract as a response to smoking)

A

metaplasia

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11
Q

refers to a disorder but non-neoplastic growth of tissue including the epithelial layer

characterized by phenomorphism, hyperchromastim, and loss of normal spatial orientation

A

dysplasia

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12
Q

(nonkeratinocytes in oral epithelium)

dendritic morphology (long processes)
located in the BASAL cell layer
-sysnthesis of melanin pigment granules (melanosomes)

A

melanocyte

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13
Q

dendritic morphology
-located in the stratum SPINOSUM
-functions as an antigen trap on epithelial and transgers antigen information to CD4 lymphoyctes

A

langerhan cells

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14
Q

rounded morphology
-located in the BASAL cell layer
-contains characteristics “dense core” granules
-possiblh has tactile sensory functions

A

merkel’s cell

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15
Q

rounded morphology
-found in basal and spinous cell layers
-immune surveillance and antigen message processing
-associated with inflammation- both humoral and cellular response

A

lymphocytes

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16
Q

organization of the basement membrane:

A

lucida
densa
(both are parent of basal lamina)
reticularis

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17
Q

composition of the basal lamina.
lamina lucida:

A

-bullous pemphigoid antigen
-type Vll collagen

(BMG-1
laminin-1, -5, -6 and entactin)

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18
Q

composition of the basal lamina.
lamina densa:

A

type IV collagen
type Vll collagen

(laminin-1, BMG-1, fibronectin, integrins)

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19
Q

lamina reticularis composition:

A

reticulin connective tissue
type I collagen
type III collagen
elastin connective tissue

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20
Q

relationships of cytoskeletal components to the basal lamina.

cytoplasm of cell:
-intermediate filaments or __________
-
-
-
-

A

:tonofilaments!!

actin
myosin
talin
vinculin

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21
Q

relationships of cytoskeletal components to the basal lamina.
hemidesmosome: 2
-
-
-
-
-

A

bullous pemphigoid antigen 1!!
bullous pemphigoid antigen 2!!
cadherins!!
syndecans
integrin

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22
Q

relationships of cytoskeletal components to the basal lamina.
lamina lucida: 3

A

bpag2 and bpag2
-bmg-1
laminin-1
kalinin and K-laminin (laminin-5 and -6)
entactin

type Vll collagen!!
epiligrin

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23
Q

relationships of cytoskeletal components to the basal lamina.
lamina densa: 4

A

laminin-1
type IV collagen !!
type Vll collagen!!
bmg-1
fibronectin
integrins

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24
Q

relationships of cytoskeletal components to the basal lamina.
lamina reticularis of the lamina propria: 5

A

type I collagen!
type III collagen!
reticulin
elastin

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25
specialized cell attachments of the oral mucous membranes: 1 2 3 4 5
1. desmosome 2. hemidesmosome 3. intermediate junction 4. tight junction 5. gap junction
26
protein components of desmosomes:
e-cadherin!! p-caderin !! desmoplakin I and II evoplakin plaoglobin
27
permanent or resident cell population: 1 2 3 4 5
fibroblast monocyte-> histiocyte-> macrophage basophil-> mast cell plasma cell endothelial cell
28
transient or labile cell population
neutrophils lymphocytes
29
secretes collagen and elastin
fibroblast
30
resident precursor of functional macrophage
histiocyte
31
blood-borne precursor of functional macrophage
monocyte
32
phagocytic cell capable of antigen processing
macrophage
33
secretes inflammatory mediators (histamine, heparin)
mast cell
34
synthesis of immunoglobulins (antibodies)
plasma cell
35
phagocytic cell capable of neutralizing antigens and killing bacteria
neutrophil
36
humoral and cell-mediated immune response
lymphocyte
37
lining of blood and lymphatic vessels
endothelial
38
hair-like papillae highly keratinized and mot numerous found over the entire dorsal surface of tongue
filiform papillae
39
fungus like papillae small round, RED surface projections (color is due to highly vascular connective tissue core) may contain taste buds commonly found on tip of tongue
fungiform papillae
40
leaf like papillae taste buds contains LYMPHOID nodules with germinal centers -forms part of Waldeyer's ring -located on the posterior lateral margins of the tongue
foliate
41
walled papillae 6-8 anterior to sulcus terminalis on the posterior dorsal tongue surface papillae sulcus is cleared of taste stimuli by serous salivary glands of von ebner
circumvallate papillae
42
these papillae tend to be more sensitive to bitter compounds
circumvallate papillae
43
respond best to salt and sweet stimuli
fungiform papillae
44
papillae show a bias for sweet
foliate papillae
45
nerve supply for taste: anterior 2/3 of tongue: posterior 1/3 of tongue: soft palate: walls of pharynx and epiglottis: taste fibers from all three nerves converge in the ________ in the brain stem
anterior 2/3: facial nerve CVIII via the chorda tympani posterior 1/3: glossopharyngeal CNIX soft palate: facial nerve CNVII via greater petrosal branch walls of pharnyx and epiglottis: vagus nerve CX tractus solitarius in the brainstem
46
t-lymphocyte infiltrates with Langerhans cell hyperplasia cell-mediated immune injury to basal cells is suspected
lichen planus
47
thickening of the stratum corneum, often with aberrant keratinization (tongue)
hyperkeratosis
48
white plaque of the oral mucous membranes that cannot be removed by scraping and cannot be classified histologically as another disease entity. until proven, this should be considered as PRECANEROUS
leukoplakia
49
oral cancer accounts for about 3% of all cancers
squamous cell carcinoma
50
highest indicence of SCCA is in
middle aged african american males
51
most common site for oral SCCA is the: other common sites:
posterior lateral border of the tongue other common sites: ventral and floor of mouth
52
strong relationships between SCCA and:
tobacco smoking chewing tobacco alcohol consumption phenol exposure oncogneic viruses (HPV) immunsuppression (AIDS) oncogens and tumor suppressor genes
53
these lesion arise from dysplastic surface epithelium and features alterations in size, shape, and organization of the cellular components, including nuclear pleomorphism
histopathology of SCCA
54
SCCA lesions exhibit _________ and cords of malignant squamous epithelial cells
invasive islands
55
in SCCA, what abnormal production of keratin is a frequent finding (round focus of concentrically layered keratinized cells)
keratin pearls
56
autoimmune disease -antigen is the adhesin protein epiligrin found in the lamina lucida -characterized by linear accumulation of IgG and C3 along the basement membrane
BMMP benign mucous membrane pemphigoid aka mucousal pemphigoid
57
what age and gender does BMMP (mucousal pemphigoid) affect
older adults in the 50-60 females affected more often then males by ratio of 2:1
58
BMMP involvement of the ____ of the eye results in scarring(symblepharon)
conjunctiva
59
syndrome involving abnormal or lack of development of ectodermal structures such as hair, eyebrows, eye lashes, teeth
ectodermal dysplasia
60
reactive rather than neoplastic -represent maturation of pyogenic granuloma -gingival mass with islands of CALCIFIED material -soft tissue growth on gingiva
peripheral ossifying fibroma
61
peripheral ossifying fibroma most common:
60-65% in women on gingiva between 10 and 19 years
62
expressed in the distribution of cytoplasmic organelles cells exhibit apical, basal, lateral borders
epithelium may exhibit cellular polarity

histopath (13 decks)

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