Exam 3 Prep Flashcards
List the function of nervous system:
Controls Center
Communication
Sensing
Effector Responce
Movement
What does the Control Center do?
-Integrates and interprets information
-Generates appropriate response for particular stimuli
What does the Communication function of the nervous system do?
One of two systems the body uses for long-distance communication (the other is endocrine)
What does sensing of the nervous system do?
The nervous system is responsible for all sensing of the internal and external environment.
Effector responses
Stimulates and coordinates effector responses
Movement
Initiates and coordinates voluntary and involuntary muscle movement.
Organization of the nervous system
First two:
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous system
Organization of the nervous system
Central Nervous System
Brain and Spinal Cord
Organization of the Nervous Systme
Peripheral Nervous Systme
Sensory division (afferent) and Motor Division (Efferent)
Organization of the Nervous System
Sensory Division (afferent)
-Somatic sensory division
-Visceral sensory division (autonomic)
Organization of the nervous system
Motor Division (Efferent)
-Somatic Sensory Division
-Visceral Motor Division (autonomic)
Organization of the Nervous System
Visceral Motor Division (Autonomic)
-Sympathetic System (Active)
-Parasympathetic System (Resting)
-Enteric Nervous System
Definition
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Primary integration center; consists of brain and spinal cord
Definition
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Anything that isn’t CNS
Definition
Sensory Division
Brings signals from peripheral tissue to CNS
Definition
Visceral Sensory Division (autonomic)
Brings signals from glands, internal organs, and blood vessels to CNS
Definition
Motor Division
Brings signal from CNS to peripheral tissues
Definition
Visceral Motor Division (Autonomic)
Brings signal from CNS to glands, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle
-Sympathetic System: Activated in moments of stress; controls heart rate, digestive functions, urinary output, and more
-Parasympathetic System: Opposite of sympathetic system; active during rest
Definition
Somatic Motor Division
Brings voluntary signals from CNS to skeletal muscle
Definition
Enteric Nervous System
Involuntary; semi-autonomous; regulates digestive functions; receives some input from visceral sensory division.
1
Dendrites: Projections that extrude from the cell body; site of signal input
2
Soma: Cell body; contains nucleus, organelles and majority of cytoplasm.
3
Axon: Long process extruding from soma; where action potential travels. May or May not be myelinated.
4
Node or Ranvier
5
Axon Terminal: Distal end of the Axon; site of signal output.
7
Myelin Sheath
-CNS: Oligodendrocytes
-PNS: Schwann Cell
Cell type, Location, and function
Ependymal Cell
CNS
-Line spinal Cord and brain ventricles
-Produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
-Use cilia to circulate CSF
-compose the Blood-CSF-Barrier
Cell Type, Location, and Function
Oligodendrocytes
CNS
-Myelin Forming Cell of the CNS
Cell Type, Location, and Function
Astrocytes
CNS
-Link neurons to blood supply
-Form blood brain barrier
-“Housekeepers” that take care of neurons
Cell Type, Location, and Function
Microglia
CNS
-Immune defense of the CNS
-Scavenge damaged cells
