exam 3 - obesity

Question 1

characteristics of a healthy weight

Answer 1

maintained without constant dieting, compatible with normal blood pressure and glucose levels, based on family history of body shape and weight, promotes good eating and regular activity, acceptable to you, looks at weight history

Question 2

how do you calculate BMI

Answer 2

body weight in lbs x 703.1/ht in inches^2

Question 3

heath risk increases when BMI is >

Answer 3

25

Question 4

excessive amount of body fat for men=

Answer 4

> 25% body fat

Question 5

excessive amount of body fat for women=

Answer 5

> 30-35% body fat

Question 6

upper-body fat (android) obesity is associated with …

Answer 6

more heart disease, HTN, type 2 diabetes - defined as waist measurement of >40” in men and >35” in women

Question 7

obesity contributing factors:

Answer 7

inactivity, increased screen time, increased portion sizes, marketing, eating out more, poverty

Question 8

lack of sleep in obesity alters…

Answer 8

hormones that regulate sleep hormones (increased ghrelin, decreased leptin)

Question 9

weight bias happens in..

Answer 9

media, education, jobs, and healthcare

Question 10

weight stigma…

Answer 10

discriminatory acts targeted towards individuals because of their weight and size

Question 11

sound weight loss program….

Answer 11

change eating problems/habits (behavioral change) and physical activity component

Question 12

1 pound = -? calories/? days = -? calories

Answer 12

-3500 calories, 7 days, -500 calories per day

Question 13

characteristics of successful diets: exercise

Answer 13

may need 60-90 minutes per day - does not need to be continuous, activity monitors, incorporate activity into daily life

Question 14

national weight loss registry:

Answer 14

weight loss of >30 pounds maintained for >1 year

Question 15

?% eat breakfast every

Answer 15

78%

Question 16

?% weight themselves at least once a week

Answer 16

75%

Question 17

?% watch less than 10 hours of TV peer week

Answer 17

62%

Question 18

?% exercise, on average, about 1 hour per day (most walk)

Answer 18

90%

Question 19

self monitor by…

Answer 19

keeping a food log

Question 20

eat at restaurants only…

Answer 20

1-2 times per week

Question 21

diets high in carbohydrates and moderate in protein and fat consist of:

Answer 21

DASH diet, weight watchers, energy deficits (500-1000kcal per day)

Question 22

diets low in carbohydrates and high in protein and fat consist of:

Answer 22

atkins, paleo, sugar busters, advise carbohydrate restriction instead of calorie restriction, promote ketosis - using fat as an energy source

Question 23

what do detox diets recommend

Answer 23

liquid diets, fasting, or removing processed foods and other specific foods (sugar, gluten, dairy, etc.)

Question 24

what are dangers with detox diets

Answer 24

lack of energy and overeating once coming off the diet

Question 25

how does the body normally detox

Answer 25

toxins excreted through urine, feces, respiration, and sweat - liver, kidneys, skin, and lungs help remove toxins daily

Question 26

overall healthy diet consists of what

Answer 26

rich in fiber, fruits, vegetables, and adequate fluid intake

Question 27

what is intermediate fasting

Answer 27

alternate day fasting, modified fasting, and time restricted fasting

Question 28

criteria for weight loss medications include:

Answer 28

individuals with a BMI of >30 or >27 with obesity related health risk, lifestyle changes are still necessary, and a prescription for medication is required

Question 29

what does orlistat do

Answer 29

limits production of lipase, reduces absorption of fat in the small intestine - must control fat consumption

Question 30

what does belviq do

Answer 30

decreases appetite - enhances serotonin activity

Question 31

what does saxenda do

Answer 31

slows gastric emptying

Question 32

what does osymia do

Answer 32

combination of two drugs (phentermine and topiramate) - suppresses appetite and weight loss aid

Question 33

what does semaglutide do

Answer 33

injectible - reduces appetite and slows movement through the GI tract

Question 34

what is bariatric surgery

Answer 34

common surgical procedure for treating severe obesity

Question 35

what are some types of bariatric surgery

Answer 35

gastric banding, gastric bypass, and sleeve gastrectomy

Question 36

what is the criteria for bariatric surgery

Answer 36

BMI of >40, BMI of 35 to 40 with obesity related concerns, obesity for 5 years with no surgery, no history of alcoholism or major psychiatric disorders

Question 37

potential benefits of bariatric surgery

Answer 37

weight loss, decrease in blood pressure, drop in cholesterol level, decrease in blood glucose level

Question 38

potential risks of bariatric surgery

Answer 38

regain weight, infections, nutrient deficiencies (vitamin D, calcium, vitamin b12 - intrinsic factor reduced)

Question 39

what is dumping syndrome (gastric bypass procedure)

Answer 39

rapid movement of stomach contents into the small intestine - no pyloric sphincter - must limit sugar intake

Question 40

what is intuitive eating

Answer 40

not a diet or set of rules, less focus on weight loss, interoceptive awareness - ability to perceive physical sensations that arise within your body (hunger, fullness)

Question 41

how to help kids maintain intuitive eating

Answer 41

look for signs of hunger and fullness in infants, infant led weaning, allow toddlers to self feed, let children pick foods for meals and determine how much they want to eat