Exam 3 - Integumentary System

Question 1

The integumentary system is an important _________ ________ which ________ water loss, invasion by ___________, and _________ trauma

Answer 1

Protective barrier; reduces; microorganisms; abrasive

Question 2

Skin

Answer 2

Covers the outside of the animal; continuous with mucosal membranes at oral, anal, and urogenital orifices, the vestibule of the nostril, and the palpebral fissure

Question 3

Outer epidermis

Answer 3

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 4

Dermis

Answer 4

Dense fibrovascular connective tissue

Question 5

Subcutaneous layer

Answer 5

Hypodermis

Question 6

Adipose tissue

Answer 6

Insulator and shock absorber

Question 7

Which layer of the skin is adipose tissue in

Answer 7

Subcutaneous layer

Question 8

How is skin characterized

Answer 8

By the mucocutaneous junction

Question 9

Skin is ________ where it is most exposed and ______ in protected regions

Answer 9

Thickest; thinner

Question 10

The ___________ ________ consists of layers of dead, flattened cells

Answer 10

Stratum corneum

Question 11

The __________ _____________ consists of spindle-shaped cells containing basophilic keratohyalin granules

Answer 11

stratum granulosum

Question 12

The _______ _________ has a spiny appearance because of desmosomes (intercellular bridges) connecting adjacent cells

Answer 12

stratum spinosum

Question 13

A layer of mitotically active cuboidal or columnar cells ________ _______ follows the contour of the underlying dermis, to which it is closely applied

Answer 13

Stratum basale

Question 14

The ______ lies beneath the epidermis

Answer 14

Dermis

Question 15

The _________ _______, which is variably present, comprises cells that are poorly stainable

Answer 15

Stratum lucidum

Question 16

The skins outer layer is referred to as ______

Answer 16

Epidermis

Question 17

Epidermis has these the of cells

Answer 17

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 18

The skin’s middle layer is referred to as _____

Answer 18

Dermis

Question 19

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Question 20

The dermis features _______ _______ which _______ with the overlying epidermis

Answer 20

Dermal papillae; interdigitate

Question 21

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Question 22

Blister

Answer 22

Local disruption between epidermis and dermis at the dermal papillae

Question 23

Callus

Answer 23

Thickened stratum corneum

Question 24

The skin’s third layer is referred to as _______

Answer 24

Hypodermis

Question 25

The ________ and the _____ are both made up of thick connective tissue but different types

Answer 25

Hypodermis; Dermis

Question 26

Hypodermis

Answer 26

Separated dermis from underlying structures

Question 27

________ connective tissue that allows movement without tearing

Answer 27

Areolar

Question 28

Variable amounts of fat (________ ________) are present in the hypodermis, with species dependent distribution and relative abundance

Answer 28

panniculus adiposus

Question 29

Hair

Answer 29

Important for maintenance of body temperature (insulation) and protection from UV light

Question 30

The three main types of hair

Answer 30

1. Primary / Guard Hairs – straight or arched 2. Secondary / Wool Hairs / Undercoat – softer, shorter 3. Tactile Hairs - whiskers around the face; can also be found throughout the coat

Question 31

Primary/Guard hairs

Question 32

Secondary/Undercoat/Wool hairs

Question 33

Tactile Hairs

Question 34

Hair structure

Answer 34

An individual hair arises from a modification of the epidermis, called the hair follicle

Question 35

Arrector pili muscle

Answer 35

Tiny, smooth muscle bundle; contraction will straighten hair toward 90°

Question 36

Dermal papilla

Answer 36

Surrounds the hair bulb The division of the epithelial cells covering the dermal papilla generates the hair itself

Question 37

External epithelial root sheath

Answer 37

The follicle invaginates from the surface of the skin as a double-layered root sheath that surrounds the hair and terminates in a hair bulb of epidermal origin

Question 38

Sebaceous glands

Answer 38

Classified as holocrine glands and secrete an oily secretory product (called sebum) produced by disintegration of epithelial cells within the glands

Question 39

How do sebaceous glands work

Answer 39

Contraction of the arrector pili muscle compresses the glands and aids in emptying them Open directly onto the skin surface and include: in the ear canal, around the anus, and in the penis, prepuce, and vulva, along with the tarsal glands of the eyelid

Question 40

Sudiferous glands aka sweat glands

Answer 40

can be found over the entire body of farm animals, including the horse, cow, sheep, and pig, although in pigs they are sparse

Question 41

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