Exam 3: Immune system Flashcards

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1
Q

fct immune system

A

guard and defend human body against invasion of pathogens and microorganisms

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2
Q

bone marrow fct and location

A

where B cells matured in bone

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3
Q

thymus fct and location

A

where differentiation of T cells in sternum

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4
Q

lymph nodes fct and location

A

around armpits, groin, neck, knees

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5
Q

spleen and location

A

filters blood + removes dead or malformed cells

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6
Q

MALT fct example

A

proctects against microorganism by a mucus

example: peyers patch in small intestine, respiratory, digestive and genitourinary tracts

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7
Q

3 lines of defense and examples

A

1- innate nonspecific physical barrier: mucus+skin
2- innate nonspecific cells: phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells)
3- adaptive specific defences: lymphocytes, antibodies, memory cells

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8
Q

Innate immunity

A

fast response, general, uses soluble microbial protein, comes from evolution over time, first 2 lines of defense

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9
Q

adaptive immunity

A

slow response, very specific, genetic rearrangement, use lymphocytes and memory cells, antigens and antibodies

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10
Q

3 types of lymphocytes

A

neutrophils, natural killer cells, macrophages

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11
Q

neutrophils: lymphocytes

A

most abundant leukocytes`
clearance of bacteria and fungi
helps respond infection+homeostasis

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12
Q

Natural killer cells: lymphocytes

A

spontaneous cytolytic activity (disintegration of cells)
(dead cells quickly eliminated without causing inflammation)
secretes cytokines

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13
Q

macrophages

A
detects, phagocytosis and destruction of bacteria 
maintian homeostasis
innate immunity 
metabolic fct
tissue repair
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14
Q

cell adaptive immunity response (2 and function)

A

B cells: produces plasma cells secreting antibody called immunoglobulins
T cells: regulates other cells and attacks infected cells and contains a receptor called TCR recognizing small chains of peptides

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15
Q

Type 1 diabetes cause and symptoms

A

high blood glucose level bc not enough insulin
Cause: immune system attacks and destroys insulin-producing cells (B) in pancreas
Symptoms: irritability, hunger, thirst, weakness, blurred vision, fatigue

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16
Q

HIV cause and symptoms

A

cause: destroys white blood cells, can lead to AIDS
symptoms: flu-like

17
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

cause: overactivity immune system, attacks joint tissue
Symptoms: tender+swollen joints, fatigue+loss appetite