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211 > Exam 3-Cognition > Flashcards

Exam 3-Cognition Flashcards

Cognition

1
Q

Stages of

LOC

A

Higher order - Basic order - cognitive impairment (mild-mod-severe)

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2
Q

Oriented x 3

A

to place, time, person

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3
Q

Definition

Amnesia

A

short term memory deficit

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4
Q

Definition

Anomia

A

forgetting names of persons or things

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5
Q

Definition

Agnosia

A

forgetting purpose of familiar objects

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6
Q

Definition

Apraxia

A

forget how to perform activities

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7
Q

Definition

Aphasia

A

mute

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8
Q

Definition

Sundowning

A

sx’s of acute confusion, disorientation, hallucinations, mood swings. All in late day to night

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9
Q

Characteristcs of Delirium

A
  • hallucinations
  • delusions
  • psychotic behaviors
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10
Q

Causes of Delirium

A
  • post op (especially ortho)
  • ICU
  • intoxication
  • substance abuse
  • electrolyte disturbances
  • dementia
  • infection
  • medications
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11
Q

CAM Tool

Used for what?

A

Diagnosis Delirium

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12
Q

CAM Tool

Need what parts of it?

A

A and B, and either C or D

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13
Q

CAM Tool

What is part A?

A

acute onset and fluctuating course

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14
Q

CAM Tool

What is part B?

A

Inattention

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15
Q

CAM Tool

What is part C?

A

Disorganized thinking

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16
Q

CAM Tool

What is part D?

A

altered level of conciousness

17
Q

Delirium vs Dementia

Onset

A

Delirium: sudden
Dementia: gradual

18
Q

Delirium vs Dementia

Course

A

Delirium: fluctuating
Dementia: progressive

19
Q

Delirium vs Dementia

Duration

A

Delirium: days
Dementia: months to years

20
Q

Delirium vs Dementia

LOC

A

Delirium: altered LOC
Dementia: alert

21
Q

Delirium vs Dementia

Attention

A

Delirium: impaired
Dementia: normal in early stages, diminished in late

22
Q

Delirium vs Dementia

Psychomotor Effects

A

Delirium: increased or decreased
Dementia: normal except in severe stages (agitated)

23
Q

Tx for Delirium

3

A
  • antipsychotics
  • attention to nutrition/hydration
  • reality orientation
24
Q

Tx for Dementia

A
  • antiacytlcholinesterase
  • antipsychotics
  • attention to nutrition/hydration
  • validation therapy, music, art
25
Q

Name the 3 therapies

A
  • reality orientation
  • validation
  • reminiscence
26
Q

Restraints

Requirements

8

A
  • assessment of environment, patient, situation
  • alternatives tried
  • benefit outweighs risk
  • ordered by physician
  • monitored and reassessed
  • skin integrity assessed
  • ROM exercises performed
  • document where, why, how long restraints were used
27
Q

Restraints

Acronym

A
  • Respond to present not past
  • Evaluate potential for injury
  • Speak w family
  • Try alternatives first
  • Reassess to determine success
  • Alert physician and family of need
  • Individualize restraint use
  • Note important info in chart
  • Time limit use
28
Q

Restraints

Alternatives

A
  • determine behavior pattern
  • assess for pain
  • rule out physical causes of agitation
  • involve family
  • reduce stimulation
  • check environment for hazards
  • use therapeutic touch

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