[Exam 3] Chapter 28 – Growth and Development of the School-Age Child Flashcards
Physical Growth: From 6-12 years, children grow at an average height of?
6-7 cm (2.5 inches) per year
Physical Growth: How much weight is gained yearly?
3-3.5 kg (7 lb)
Organ System Maturation - Neurologic System: Brain growth her?
Very flow. Growth complete by 10 years.
Organ System Maturation - Respiratory System: What happens to RR, abdominal breathing, and how respirations occur?
RR decreases
Abdominal breathing disappears
Respirations become diaphragmatic
Organ System Maturation - Cardiovascular System: BP and Pulse Rate?
BP increases and pulse rate decreases
Organ System Maturation - GI System: What happens to teeth?
All 20 primary teeth lost, and replaced by 28-32 permanent teeth
Organ System Maturation - Urinary System: Bladder capacity changes?
Increases, and girls have greater capacity than boys.
Organ System Maturation - Urinary System: Formula for bladder capcity?
Age in years plus 2 oz
Organ System Maturation - Prepubescence: What is this?
Occurs 2 years before puberrty and characterized by development of secondary sexual chracteristics, period of rapid growth for girls, and a period of continued growth for boys
Organ System Maturation - Immune System: When do they reach peak maturity for IgA and IgG?
At around 10 years of age.
Psychosocial Development: What task is completed here for Erik Erikson?
Industry versus inferiority. Develops sense of self-worth by becoming involves with multiple activites at school. Interested to see how things work
Cognitive Development: piagets stage here for 7-11 year old?
Concrete operational thoughts. Is able to assimilate and coordinate information about their world from other peoples views.
Cognitive Development: During concrete operational stage, develops principle of conservation which is what?
Matter does not change when its form changes. Think of the water example.
Cognitive Development: Activities here for Freuds Latency period?
Focuses ona ctivites that develop social and cognitive skills. Develops social skills in relating to same-sex friends through clubs
Moral and Spiritual Development: According to Kohlberg, school-age children is at the conventional stage of
moral development. Follows rules out of a sense of being a “good” person.
Moral and Spiritual Development: For Kohlberg, a 10-12 year old will progres to stage 4, which is what?
Law and order stage. Can determine if an action is good or based based on the reason for action, just not the consequences
Gross Motor Skill: What activites may they do now?
Ride a two-wheeled bike, jump rope, dance, and participate in sports
Fine Motor Skill: Myelinizationof the CNS is reflected by?
Refinement of fine motor skills. Eye-hand coordination and balance improve with maturity and practice.
Sensory Development: Eye sight in this stagge?
20/20 vision.
Sensory Development: Some eye problems that may be reported include?
Amblyopia (lazy eye), uncorrected refractive errors, and other eye defects.
Sensory Development: What is Amblyopia?
Reduced vision in the eye that has not been adequately used during early development. Can lead to near, far, and astigmatic than the other eye
Sensory Development: How can Amblyopia be corrected?
Glassess or patching with forces the child to use the weaker eye.
Language Development: Develop metalinguistic awareness, which is what?
An ability to think about language and comment on its properties. Enables them to enjoy jokes due to undestanding of double meaning
Language Development: How do they feel about metaphors?
Are beginning to understand metaphors
Emotional/Social Development - Temperament: Three commonly grouped temperaments are?
That child is easy and adaptable, child that is slow to warm up, or child that is difficult and easily frustrated.
Emotional/Social Development - Temperament: How will an easy child adapt to school?
Easily adapt to school entry and other experiences smoothly with little to no stress
Emotional/Social Development - Temperament: How will a slow-to-warm child adapt to school?
Slow to adapt to changes. May exhibit discomfort when placed in different or new siutations at school.
Emotional/Social Development - Temperament: What can a difficult or easily distracted child benefit from?
Introduction to the new experiences and people by role-playing, visiting the site, and being introduced to the teachers.
Emotional/Social Development - Self-Esteem Development: How do feedback about their performance or tasks affect them?
Influences the child’s opinion of self-worth, which influences self-esteem adn self-evaluation
Emotional/Social Development - Body Image: Why is this important?
Important for late school-agers to feel accepted by peers
Emotional/Social Development - School-Age Fears: What fears do they have?
Fear death and darkness. Even animals. Need reassurance that fears are normal for their age.
Emotional/Social Development - School-Age Fears: What coping strategies should they be taught?
Positive self-statemetns such as “I can do this” and relaxation techniques such as depe rbeathing
Emotional/Social Development - Peer Relationships: How do these support the school-age child?
By providing enough security to risk the parental conflict brouht about when establishing independence
Emotional/Social Development - Teacher and School Influences: How can teachers facilitate transition from home to school?
Teacher must have the personality and knowledge of development that will allow them to meet needs of young children.