Exam 3: Ch 10 Lipid Synthesis & Intracellular Movement Flashcards
order of lipid biosynthesis
water-soluble precursors assembled into membrane-associated intermediates
these are converted into membrane lipid products
cells synthesize new membranes only by…
expansion of existing membranes
fatty acids are assembled from…
two-carbon building block (acetate –> acetyl CoA) by several important enzymes
saturated FA enzymes
acetyl CoA carboxylase
fatty acid synthase
unsaturated FA enzyme
desaturase
site of lipid synthesis
smooth ER - cytosolic side
fatty acid binding protein (FABP)
bind FA for intracellular movement
FABP regulation
coordinate regulation with cellular requirements for uptake and release of FA
high in muscles using FA for making ATP and in adipocytes
golgi function in FA synthesis
adds head groups
ex. phosphorylcholine to sphingomyelin
after modification in the golgi, FA…
are transported to other cellular compartments through vesicle-medated mechanisms
flippases move ________ from one leaflet to the other
phospholipids
requires ATP
cholesterol is synthesized by enzymes in the …
cytosol and ER membrane mostly in liver
HMG-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA to mevalonate) key step
HMG-CoA reductase is located
integral ER membrane protein
mevalonate is turned into other things by _____ enzymes
cytosolic
small lipid transfer proteins facilitate the exchange of _______ or ____ between different membranes
phospholipids, cholesterol
