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Health Assessment > Exam 3 Blueprint Deck > Flashcards

Exam 3 Blueprint Deck Flashcards

1
Q

Hear disease risk factors

A 
Obesity
Physical activity of less than 150min/week
Nutrition
High levels of LDL cholesterol
Untreated high blood pressure
Smoking
Drugs
Sex and gender differences
- women have smaller coronary arteries
- delay in seeking treatment
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2
Q

3 types of normal breath sounds

A

Vesicular
Bronchovesicular
Bronchial

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3
Q 
VESICULAR:
Pitch
Amplitude
Duration
Quality
Location
A 
Low
Soft
Inspiration > expiration
Rustling, like wind in trees
Peripheral lung fields where air flows through smaller bronchioles and alveoli
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4
Q 
BRONCHOVESICULAR
Pitch
Amplitude
Duration
Quality
Location
A

Moderate
Moderate
Inspiration = expiration
Mixed
Over major bronchi where fewer alveoli are located
(Posterior, between scapulae esp on right;
Anterior, around upper sternum in 1st and 2nd ICS)

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5
Q 
BRONCHIAL
Pitch
Amplitude
Duration
Quality
Location
A 
High
Loud
Inspiration < expiration
Harsh, hollow tubular
Trachea and larynx
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6
Q

What causes increased tactile fremitus?

A

Conditions that increase the density of lung tissue

Ex: pneumonia

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7
Q

What causes decreased tactile fremitus?

A

Anything is obstructing transmission of vibrations

Ex: obstructed bronchus, pleural effusion or thickening, pneumothorax, emphysema

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8
Q

What causes Rhonchal fremitus?

A

When inhaled air passes through thick secretions in larger bronchi.
May decrease somewhat by coughing

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9
Q

What causes pleural frictions fremitus?

A

Inflammation or decrease in lubricating fluid

Grating sound felt when palpating

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10
Q

What do fine crackles sound like?

A

Short crackling and popping sounds

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11
Q

What do coarse crackles sound like?

A

Low pitched bubbling and gurgling

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12
Q

What does Pleural friction rub sound like?

A

Low-pitched
Superficial
Grating quality

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13
Q

What does stridor sound like?

A

Dramatic crowning sound

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14
Q

What does a wheeze sound like?

A

High pitched

Sibilant

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15
Q

What does sonorous rhonchi sound like?

A

Low pitched

Moaning or snoring musical sound

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16
Q

Why does pleural friction rub occur

A

Inflammation

17
Q

Why does stridor occur

A

Allergic reaction, airways closing

18
Q

Why does a wheeze occur?

A

Constricted airways

19
Q

Why does sonorous rhonchi occur

A

Gunk in lungs

20
Q

When do fine crackles occur during breathing

A

At the top of inspiration

Discontinuous

21
Q

When do coarse crackles occur during breathing

A

Start early in inspiration and my be present in expiration

Discontinuous

22
Q

When does pleural friction rub occur during breathing

A

During inspiration and expiration

Discontinuous

23
Q

When does stridor occur during breathing

A

Starts at beginning of inspiration and ends at beginning of expiration
Continuous

24
Q

When does a wheeze occur during breathing

A

From end of inspiration to end of expiration

Continuous

25
Q

When does sonorous rhonchi occur during breathing

A

End of inspiration to end of expiration

Continuous

26
Q

Bronchophony test

A

99

27
Q

Egophony test

A

Eeeee

28
Q

Whispered pectoriloquy test

A

1234

29
Q

Steps for normal lung assessment

A 
Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
Adventitious sounds
30
Q

What is normal during inspection of lung tissue

A 
AP < transverse diameter
Relaxed posture
Normal musculature
10-20 breaths per minute
Regular
No cyanosis or pallor
31
Q

What is normal during palpation of lung tissue

A

Symmetric chest expansion
Tactile fremitus present and equal bilaterally
Diminishing toward periphery
No lumps, masses or tenderness

32
Q

Normal percussion over lung tissue

A

Resonant

33
Q

Normal auscultation over lung tissue

A 
Vesicular over peripheral fields
Bronchovesicular parasternally (anterior) and between scapulae (posterior)
34
Q

Where would you feel a thrill while palpating lung tissue

A

On left or right 2nd and 3rd ICS

35
Q

What would a thrill in 2nd and 3rd right ICS mean?

A

Severe aortic stenosis and systemic hypertension

36
Q

What would a thrill at 2nd and 3rd left ICS mean?

A

Pulmonic stenosis and pulmonic hypertension

37
Q

When does a left sternal border lift (heave) occur

A

With right ventricular hypertrophy

38
Q

If you feel cardiac enlargement at apex?

A

Volume overload

Heart failure, etc.

Health Assessment (17 decks)

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