Exam 3, adrenergic drugs DSA

Question 1

What are the alpha adrenergic agonists

Answer 1

epi and norepi

Question 2

what are the beta adrenergic agonists

Answer 2

isoproterenol
dobutamine (b1)
epi and norepi

Question 3

what R dose dopamine work on

Answer 3

D1, B1 , a1

Question 4

what R does fenoldopam work on

Answer 4

D1

Question 5

what type of drugs are clonidine and methyldopa

Answer 5

alpha 2 agonists

Question 6

what are the alpha selective antagonists

Answer 6

prazosin (a1)

phentolamine (a1 a2)

Question 7

what are the nonselective beta antagonists

Answer 7

propranolol, nadolol, timolol, pindolol, carteolol

sotalol esmolol

Question 8

what are the cardioselective beta blockers

Answer 8

atenolol, acebutolol

metoprolol

Question 9

what are the 3rd generation beta blockers

Answer 9

labetolol, carvedilol, betaxolol, carteolol

Question 10

how do norepi, epi and isoproterenol affect pulse rate

Answer 10

nor epi drops it

epi and isoproterenol increase it

Question 11

how do norepi, epi and isoproteronl affect peripheral R

Answer 11

norepi increases alot
epi decreases slightly
isoproterenol decreases alot

Question 12

what are the net results of norepi, epi and isoproterenol on BP

Answer 12

increased in norepi
same in epi
same, maybe slight dec in isoproterenol

Question 13

epi primarly effects ehart how

Answer 13

working through B1 R to increase inotropy (force) and increase chronotropy (HR)

Question 14

explain vascular effects of epi

Answer 14

work on alpha 1 to vasoconstrict

have higher affinity for beta 2 which causes decrease in diastolic BP

Question 15

how does epi affect renin

Answer 15

increased via beta1

Question 16

when do we use epi therpeutically for heart

Answer 16

restore cardiac rhythm in those in cardiac arrest
after 1-2 CPR cycles and defibrillation
also to Tx bradycardia with serious signs and symptoms

Question 17

describe effects of norepi on heart

Answer 17

direct chronotropic effect that stimulates vagal reglex to slow the heart and SV is increased

Question 18

How do we use norepi thepetuically for heart

Answer 18

used as a vasoconstrictor to raise or to support BP under certain intesnsive care conditions
not in shock

Question 19

What is primary action of dopamine

Answer 19

vasodilate renal and mesenteric vascular beds

Question 20

what is mechanism of dopamine

Answer 20

increase [ ] of cAMP

vasodilation

Question 21

how is dopamine used to treat heart

Answer 21

can help with shock and CHF by excreting more Na

can cause an increase in CO

Question 22

what if you gave a little too much dopamine to someone with cardiogenic shock

Answer 22

can actually cause general vasoconstriction and lead to more problems in shock

Question 23

what is fenoldopam used for to Tx

Answer 23

severe HTN

Question 24

When is dobutamine used in heart problems

Answer 24

short term tx cardiac decompensation like after surgery or in patients with CHF or AMI

Question 25

how does dobutamine work on CO and SV and HR

Answer 25

increase CO SV | no change in HR

Question 26

when is isoproterenol used

Answer 26

emergencies to stimulate HR in patients with bradycardia or heart block usually just befor epacemaker placement

Question 27

which beta blockers also block alpha R

Answer 27

labetolol and carvedilol

Question 28

which betablocker has agonist activity at Beta 2

Answer 28

carteolol

Question 29

which bet blockers activate NO production

Answer 29

nebivolol, carteolol

Question 30

which beta blockers block Ca entry

Answer 30

carvedilol and betaxolol

Question 31

beta 1 selective antagonists are preferredin what patients

Answer 31

bronchospasm, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, Raynauds

Question 32

which betablockers antagonize alpha 1 and stimulate beta 2

Answer 32

the third generation ones

Question 33

how do beta blockers affect heart

Answer 33

decrease work, reduce myocardial O2 consumption | increase O2 demand by increased EDpressure

Question 34

do beta blockers decrease mortatlity of HF

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

how do beta blockers chnag eHR

Answer 35

brady

Question 36

why can immediate withdrawl of beta blockers cause sudden death

Answer 36

from upregulation of R

Question 37

What are beta blokcesr used to Tx

Answer 37

HTN, angina, acute coronary syndromes, CHF | also for supraentricular and ventricular arrhythmias

Question 38

what are the effects of use of beta blockers in patients with HF from L ventricular systolic dysfunction

Answer 38

improve function, life quality and prolong life

Question 39

how do you administer beta blockers for first time

Answer 39

low dose and slowly increase

Question 40

are beta blockers useful in ealry AMI

Answer 40

shown to dec mortality by 25%

Question 41

what is used to tx hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

Answer 41

propanolol

Question 42

why are beta blockers useful in acute dissectin aortic aneurysm

Answer 42

reduction force contraction

Question 43

what is most appropriate drug for hyperthyroidism that is causing CV signs

Answer 43

beta blocker

Question 44

What is metoprolol used to Tx

Answer 44

essential HTN, agina pectoris, tachycardia, HF, vasovagal syncope and as secondary prevention after MI, adjunct in hyperthyroidism and for migrain prophylaxis

Question 45

What is atenolol used to Tx

Answer 45

HTN, coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, agina, reduce risk heart complications after MI Graves

Question 46

what is commonly used to Tx supraventricular tachcardias

Answer 46

esmolol | because rapid onset

Question 47

what are the affects of carvedilol in patients with mild to severe CHF

Answer 47

improves ventricular function and reduces mortality and morbidity