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Year 2 CV > Exam 3, adrenergic drugs DSA > Flashcards

Exam 3, adrenergic drugs DSA Flashcards

1
Q

What are the alpha adrenergic agonists

A

epi and norepi

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2
Q

what are the beta adrenergic agonists

A

isoproterenol
dobutamine (b1)
epi and norepi

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3
Q

what R dose dopamine work on

A

D1, B1 , a1

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4
Q

what R does fenoldopam work on

A

D1

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5
Q

what type of drugs are clonidine and methyldopa

A

alpha 2 agonists

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6
Q

what are the alpha selective antagonists

A

prazosin (a1)

phentolamine (a1 a2)

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7
Q

what are the nonselective beta antagonists

A

propranolol, nadolol, timolol, pindolol, carteolol

sotalol esmolol

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8
Q

what are the cardioselective beta blockers

A

atenolol, acebutolol

metoprolol

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9
Q

what are the 3rd generation beta blockers

A

labetolol, carvedilol, betaxolol, carteolol

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10
Q

how do norepi, epi and isoproterenol affect pulse rate

A

nor epi drops it

epi and isoproterenol increase it

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11
Q

how do norepi, epi and isoproteronl affect peripheral R

A

norepi increases alot
epi decreases slightly
isoproterenol decreases alot

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12
Q

what are the net results of norepi, epi and isoproterenol on BP

A

increased in norepi
same in epi
same, maybe slight dec in isoproterenol

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13
Q

epi primarly effects ehart how

A

working through B1 R to increase inotropy (force) and increase chronotropy (HR)

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14
Q

explain vascular effects of epi

A

work on alpha 1 to vasoconstrict

have higher affinity for beta 2 which causes decrease in diastolic BP

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15
Q

how does epi affect renin

A

increased via beta1

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16
Q

when do we use epi therpeutically for heart

A

restore cardiac rhythm in those in cardiac arrest
after 1-2 CPR cycles and defibrillation
also to Tx bradycardia with serious signs and symptoms

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17
Q

describe effects of norepi on heart

A

direct chronotropic effect that stimulates vagal reglex to slow the heart and SV is increased

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18
Q

How do we use norepi thepetuically for heart

A

used as a vasoconstrictor to raise or to support BP under certain intesnsive care conditions
not in shock

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19
Q

What is primary action of dopamine

A

vasodilate renal and mesenteric vascular beds

20
Q

what is mechanism of dopamine

A

increase [ ] of cAMP

vasodilation

21
Q

how is dopamine used to treat heart

A

can help with shock and CHF by excreting more Na

can cause an increase in CO

22
Q

what if you gave a little too much dopamine to someone with cardiogenic shock

A

can actually cause general vasoconstriction and lead to more problems in shock

23
Q

what is fenoldopam used for to Tx

A

severe HTN

24
Q

When is dobutamine used in heart problems

A

short term tx cardiac decompensation like after surgery or in patients with CHF or AMI

25
Q

how does dobutamine work on CO and SV and HR

A

increase CO SV

no change in HR

26
Q

when is isoproterenol used

A

emergencies to stimulate HR in patients with bradycardia or heart block
usually just befor epacemaker placement

27
Q

which beta blockers also block alpha R

A

labetolol and carvedilol

28
Q

which betablocker has agonist activity at Beta 2

A

carteolol

29
Q

which bet blockers activate NO production

A

nebivolol, carteolol

30
Q

which beta blockers block Ca entry

A

carvedilol and betaxolol

31
Q

beta 1 selective antagonists are preferredin what patients

A

bronchospasm, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, Raynauds

32
Q

which betablockers antagonize alpha 1 and stimulate beta 2

A

the third generation ones

33
Q

how do beta blockers affect heart

A

decrease work, reduce myocardial O2 consumption

increase O2 demand by increased EDpressure

34
Q

do beta blockers decrease mortatlity of HF

A

yes

35
Q

how do beta blockers chnag eHR

A

brady

36
Q

why can immediate withdrawl of beta blockers cause sudden death

A

from upregulation of R

37
Q

What are beta blokcesr used to Tx

A

HTN, angina, acute coronary syndromes, CHF

also for supraentricular and ventricular arrhythmias

38
Q

what are the effects of use of beta blockers in patients with HF from L ventricular systolic dysfunction

A

improve function, life quality and prolong life

39
Q

how do you administer beta blockers for first time

A

low dose and slowly increase

40
Q

are beta blockers useful in ealry AMI

A

shown to dec mortality by 25%

41
Q

what is used to tx hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

A

propanolol

42
Q

why are beta blockers useful in acute dissectin aortic aneurysm

A

reduction force contraction

43
Q

what is most appropriate drug for hyperthyroidism that is causing CV signs

A

beta blocker

44
Q

What is metoprolol used to Tx

A

essential HTN, agina pectoris, tachycardia, HF, vasovagal syncope and as secondary prevention after MI, adjunct in hyperthyroidism and for migrain prophylaxis

45
Q

What is atenolol used to Tx

A

HTN, coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, agina, reduce risk heart complications after MI
Graves

46
Q

what is commonly used to Tx supraventricular tachcardias

A

esmolol

because rapid onset

47
Q

what are the affects of carvedilol in patients with mild to severe CHF

A

improves ventricular function and reduces mortality and morbidity

Year 2 CV (31 decks)

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