Exam 1, lecture slides Unrein

Question 1

What lead do you look for atrial hypertrophy and what does it look like

Answer 1

V1
diphasic p wave, if first part is larger than R hypertrophy
or single p wave bigger than 2.5mm

Question 2

what leads can also suggest R atrial hypertrophy

Answer 2

II III aVF p waves greater than 2.5 mm height

Question 3

What are signs of left ventricular hypertrophy

Answer 3

> 35 mm after adding V1 and V5 together

LAD sometimes

Question 4

what does strain pattern look like on EKG

Answer 4

elevated ST

Question 5

what does R ventricular hypertrophy look like

Answer 5

High R wave in V1-V4 that gets progressively smaller

Question 6

What can a widened QRS complex signify?

Answer 6

BBB

Question 7

which BBB can you NOT Dx a acute MI with

Answer 7

LBB

Question 8

Which BBB can have an anterior or posterior fascicle and how do you know

Answer 8

LBBB
anterior is with LAD
posterior with RAD

Question 9

what do symmetrically inverted T waves mean

Answer 9

ischemia

Question 10

ST depression from ischemia occurs with what scenarios

Answer 10

subendocardial infarction, angina, stress tests

Question 11

Acute ST segment elevation could mean what

Answer 11

transmural infarction

Question 12

What are signs of myocardial necrosis

Answer 12

Q waves, deeper than 1/3 QRS depth. >0.04 Q width

Question 13

What are signs of an inferior MI

Answer 13

elevated ST in II III and aVF

Question 14

what are signs of an anterior MI

Answer 14

V1-V4

Question 15

what are signs of a lateral MI

Answer 15

I, aVL, V5-6

Question 16

what are signs of posterior MI

Answer 16

V1, V2 has a tall R wave and ST depression

Question 17

An ST depression in V1 and V2 means what

Answer 17

Posterior MI

Question 18

What are signs of hyperkalemia

Answer 18

flattened/widened P waves
Widened QRS
Peaked T waves

Question 19

what are sings of hypokalemia

Answer 19

flattened T waves

prominent U waves

Question 20

what are signs of hypercalcemia

Answer 20

shortened QT interval

widened T wave

Question 21

what is the normal PR interval

Answer 21

.2 mm (one small box)

Question 22

what is normal QRS duration

Answer 22

.12

Question 23

What are sings of hypocalcemia

Answer 23

prolonged QT interval

flattened T wave

Question 24

how does hypothermia appear on EKG

Answer 24

severe sinus bradycardia
prolonged PR interval
Widened QRS complex
prolonged QT interval
**extra deflection at end of QRS

Question 25

How do you differentiate eleavated STs from MI and pericarditis

Answer 25

pericarditis has elevated ST in all leads | pericarditis also has PR depression

Question 26

What does the term paced rhythm mean?

Answer 26

sharp depolarizations unable to interpret anything beyond that it is a paced rhythm can be atrial, ventricular or AV sequential

Question 27

What are signs of brugada syndrome

Answer 27

EKG with RBBB and persistent ST segment elevation V1-V3

Question 28

what is the normal length of Bazetts formula

Answer 28

0.44 seconds

Question 29

What does a ventricular rhythm look like

Answer 29

no p waves | wide QRS complexes

Question 30

what are bigeminal, trigeminal or quadrigeminal beats

Answer 30

series-pattern of ectopic depolarizations | either atrial or ventricular in origin

Question 31

narrow QRS complexes are indicative of what

Answer 31

supraventricular rhythms

Question 32

If all P waves are different shapes with irregular ventricular rhythm what is beat

Answer 32

wandering pacemaker

Question 33

how do you differentiate atrial fibrillation and flutter

Answer 33

flutter has more of a rhythm

Question 34

what are delta waves found in

Answer 34

wolf parkinson white

Question 35

normal rhythm but with a prolonged PR interval consistently signifies what type rhythm

Answer 35

first degree AV block

Question 36

if you see p waves without QRS complex what could it be

Answer 36

Type I- wenckebach second degree block | Type II mobtiz second degree block

Question 37

what is a wenckebach pattern

Answer 37

progressively prolonged PR intervals with subsequent dropped beat

Question 38

What is mobtiz second degree block

Answer 38

normal PR interval with a widened QRS | 2 p waves one response, 3 p waves one response

Question 39

vagal maneuvers help clear up what type of second degree block

Answer 39

mobitz

Question 40

what is a third degree block

Answer 40

normal p sinus rhythm, absolutely no correlation with ventricles