Exam 2, Anticoagulant drug CIS, martin

Question 1

What is PT

Answer 1

prothrombin time for extrinsic pathway

Question 2

What is INR for warfarin therapy

Answer 2

2-3

Question 3

what is aPTT

Answer 3

activated thromboplastin time

Question 4

Are DVTs red clots or white clots

Answer 4

red

Question 5

What tests shoul dbe performed before DVT Tx

Answer 5

Hct, PT, aPTT, platelet count and stool sample for occult blood

Question 6

why do you use heparin to help with a DVT

Answer 6

because thrombolytic could lead to serious bleeding

Question 7

With a DVT, how would you administer heparin

Answer 7

loading dose to get levels up fast then constant rate

Question 8

with active pulm embolism what therapy is immediately started

Answer 8

heparin therapy for 5 days

warfarin inditiated day 1 and continued 3-6 months

Question 9

What does INR stand for

Answer 9

international normalization ratio

Question 10

With patient in A fib what threapy should you initiate? and for how long until cardioversion procedure

Answer 10

anticoagluant because risk of embolism from A fib is very high
low intesnsity warfarin theraphy to an INR 2-3
3 weeks prior to cardioversion

Question 11

What is the antiplatelet agent of choice in patients with vascular disease of any origin

Answer 11

aspirin

Question 12

what drug acts by being an agonist for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha

Answer 12

fibrate

Question 13

what genetic changes incholesterol pathway are expected with statin therapy

Answer 13

increased expression LDL R because overall decrease of cholesterol intracellularly

Question 14

how do statins work on VLDL

Answer 14

decrease expression

Question 15

after taking a stain for one week paitent complains of leg and arm pain, what could acount for this

Answer 15

increased creatine kinase

Question 16

what cholesterol absorption inhibitor can be prescribe with atovastatin to further decrease LDL levels

Answer 16

ezetimibe

Question 17

fibrates are most effective for elevation in what: TG or LDL?

Answer 17

TG elevation

Question 18

what is most common side effect of niacin

Answer 18

skin rash

Question 19

how do you prevent niacin skin rash side effect

Answer 19

prophylactic ibuprofen

Question 20

how do you calculate percentage decrease of LDL levels

Answer 20

(original minus current) / original

Question 21

what is a precaution of bile acid sequesterants when patient is on other medication

Answer 21

have to separate administeration time of 4 hours because bile acid one can sequester the other drug