Exam 3 (7,8,9)

Question 1

the term for too many red blood cells in the blood

Answer 1

polycythemia

Question 2

a cancer of white blood cells in which the bone marrow produces a large number of abnormal white blood cells

Answer 2

leukemia

Question 3

sex-linked inherited coagulation disorder cause by a deficiency of clotting factors

Answer 3

hemophilia

Question 4

a condition caused by a reduction of oxygen-carrying hemoglobin

Answer 4

anemia

Question 5

small hemorrhages into the tissue beneath the skin or mucous membranes

Answer 5

purpura

Question 6

is a medical specialist that would be called in if you are having trouble with your larynx

Answer 6

otorhinolaryngologist

Question 7

this type of anemia results from a lack of vitamin B12

Answer 7

Pernicious Anemia

Question 8

is a group of inherited blood disorders in which there is a deficient synthesis of one or more alpha or beta chains required for proper formation and optimal performance of the hemoglobin molecule

Answer 8

Thalassemia

Question 9

ALL is a form of leukemia that results from an over-production of lymphocytes

Answer 9

Acute Lymphocytic leukemia

Question 10

is the hematologic test that best identifies hemophilia

Answer 10

coagulation time

Question 11

results from the destruction of elastic fibers in lung tissue

Answer 11

emphysema

Question 12

is a diagnostic technique that measures lung volumes

Answer 12

spirometry

Question 13

is the general term for the deposit of non-metabolizable particles in lung tissue

Answer 13

pneumoconiosis

Question 14

is the formation of stones in the gallbladder

Answer 14

cholelithiasis

Question 15

would result from the increased peristalsis of dysentery or irritable bowel syndrome

Answer 15

diarrhea

Question 16

is the term for the liquid portion of blood

Answer 16

plasma

Question 17

is an inherited blood-disorder, due to incorrect assembly of hemoglobin molecules, causing them to distort RBC shape and clot vessels during stress

Answer 17

sickle cell disease

Question 18

is the term for insufficient ability to clot blood

Answer 18

hemophilia

Question 19

causes 28% of all cancer deaths, making it the leading cause of death from cancer among both men and women

Answer 19

lung cancer

Question 20

is the term for air in the pleural space

Answer 20

pneumothorax

Question 21

(what organ?) is the primary target for Crohn’s disease

Answer 21

large intestine

Question 22

are growths of the colon wall into the center lumen of the organ

Answer 22

polyps

Question 23

is the term for fibrosis within liver tissue

Answer 23

Cirrohis

Question 24

is the branch of medicine that treats stomach issues

Answer 24

Gastroenterology

Question 25

a lack of vitamin could resemble this

Answer 25

hemophilia

Question 26

a 41 year old female who just moved from sea level is admitted to the hospital with severe shortness of breath after a marathon 2-day hike around the top of the peaks. Name her condition (reduced oxygenation of tissues), Name a hematological value in her blood that would change in the next few weeks.

Answer 26

her body is in respiratory distress due to the elevation change. in the next few weeks her body will produce more red blood cells and her body will have adapted to the elevation. she is suffering from hypoxia anemia.

Question 27

name and describe two different diseases of COPD. Name and describe an abnormal respiratory sound that would be apparent in each.

Answer 27

Bronchopneumonia - pneumonia in the bronchioles (rales sound)
Ephysema - loss of elasticity of the lung tissue (ronchi sound)

Question 28

Describe the difference between cold and pneumonia, interms of (a) the most common class of pathogen for each, (b) anatomical structures affected, and (c) one sign/symptom uniqque to each.

Answer 28

cold - a virus, untreatable, rest and fluids recommended. Last a few days. usually no fever. stuffy or runny nose.
Pneumonia - results from a bacteria. treatable with antibiotics. can cause damage to the lungs. fever with condition. dry cough. could have pain with cough. fatigue.

Question 29

explain how pancreatic cancer could result in hyperglycemia and decreased digestion of food in the small intestine (presuming that cancer stays in just this organ)

Answer 29

pancreatic cancer can over produce glucagon or inhibit the production of insulin, which results in hyperglycemia. Pancreatic cancer affects how the pancreas aids in digestion by producing juices. If the pancreas cannot help digest the food we eat our digestive system malfunctions. There is an imbalance of sugars in our bodies which can cause hyperglycemia.