Exam 3 (7,8,9) Flashcards
the term for too many red blood cells in the blood
polycythemia
a cancer of white blood cells in which the bone marrow produces a large number of abnormal white blood cells
leukemia
sex-linked inherited coagulation disorder cause by a deficiency of clotting factors
hemophilia
a condition caused by a reduction of oxygen-carrying hemoglobin
anemia
small hemorrhages into the tissue beneath the skin or mucous membranes
purpura
is a medical specialist that would be called in if you are having trouble with your larynx
otorhinolaryngologist
this type of anemia results from a lack of vitamin B12
Pernicious Anemia
is a group of inherited blood disorders in which there is a deficient synthesis of one or more alpha or beta chains required for proper formation and optimal performance of the hemoglobin molecule
Thalassemia
ALL is a form of leukemia that results from an over-production of lymphocytes
Acute Lymphocytic leukemia
is the hematologic test that best identifies hemophilia
coagulation time
results from the destruction of elastic fibers in lung tissue
emphysema
is a diagnostic technique that measures lung volumes
spirometry
is the general term for the deposit of non-metabolizable particles in lung tissue
pneumoconiosis
is the formation of stones in the gallbladder
cholelithiasis
would result from the increased peristalsis of dysentery or irritable bowel syndrome
diarrhea
is the term for the liquid portion of blood
plasma
is an inherited blood-disorder, due to incorrect assembly of hemoglobin molecules, causing them to distort RBC shape and clot vessels during stress
sickle cell disease
is the term for insufficient ability to clot blood
hemophilia
causes 28% of all cancer deaths, making it the leading cause of death from cancer among both men and women
lung cancer
is the term for air in the pleural space
pneumothorax
(what organ?) is the primary target for Crohn’s disease
large intestine
are growths of the colon wall into the center lumen of the organ
polyps
is the term for fibrosis within liver tissue
Cirrohis
is the branch of medicine that treats stomach issues
Gastroenterology
a lack of vitamin could resemble this
hemophilia
a 41 year old female who just moved from sea level is admitted to the hospital with severe shortness of breath after a marathon 2-day hike around the top of the peaks. Name her condition (reduced oxygenation of tissues), Name a hematological value in her blood that would change in the next few weeks.
her body is in respiratory distress due to the elevation change. in the next few weeks her body will produce more red blood cells and her body will have adapted to the elevation. she is suffering from hypoxia anemia.
name and describe two different diseases of COPD. Name and describe an abnormal respiratory sound that would be apparent in each.
Bronchopneumonia - pneumonia in the bronchioles (rales sound)
Ephysema - loss of elasticity of the lung tissue (ronchi sound)
Describe the difference between cold and pneumonia, interms of (a) the most common class of pathogen for each, (b) anatomical structures affected, and (c) one sign/symptom uniqque to each.
cold - a virus, untreatable, rest and fluids recommended. Last a few days. usually no fever. stuffy or runny nose.
Pneumonia - results from a bacteria. treatable with antibiotics. can cause damage to the lungs. fever with condition. dry cough. could have pain with cough. fatigue.
explain how pancreatic cancer could result in hyperglycemia and decreased digestion of food in the small intestine (presuming that cancer stays in just this organ)
pancreatic cancer can over produce glucagon or inhibit the production of insulin, which results in hyperglycemia. Pancreatic cancer affects how the pancreas aids in digestion by producing juices. If the pancreas cannot help digest the food we eat our digestive system malfunctions. There is an imbalance of sugars in our bodies which can cause hyperglycemia.
