Chap 9 Flashcards
What does the Upper GI include?
mouth, pharynx, esophagus
Branch of medicine for mouth, nose, throat
Otorhinolarynology
What does the lower GI tract include?
stomach, intestines,
what are the major functions of the lower GI tract?
secretion and absorption
What lines the lower GI tract?
stratified squamos epithelium
the branch of medicine concerned with treating disorders of the colon, rectum, and anus
Procotology
Symptoms associated with upper GI problems
inflammation, congestion, dysphagia, emesis, coughing, sore throat
the parts that get inflamed when the upper GI has problems
Tonsils - tonsillitis
Pharynx (throat) - pharyngitis
Esophagus - esophagitis
What are viral infections?
mumps (parotid glands are affected), cold sores (Herpes Simplex virus type I)
what are the bacterial infections?
dental caries (a tooth infection), abscesses (a pocket of bacteria), strep throat (Streptococcus is very common)
what are the fungal infections?
Candida Albicans also like the humidity, creates a fungal infection
what does GERD stand for?
Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease
What are the causes of GERD?
Pregnancy, Obesity, Hiatal Hernia, Barrett’s Espophagus, Esophageal Varices, Chronic Alchoholism, Bulima Nervosa
What is a Hiatal Hernia?
there was damage and now the stomach is pushed up
What is a congenital mixing of esophageal and stomach tissue?
Barrett’s Esophagus
Causes Hematemis and Melena
Esophageal Varices
Dries up the esophageal tissue
Chronic Alcoholism
A self inflicted vomit. Binge and purge. Will cause esophageal varices and acid reflux
Bulimia Nervosa
inflammation of the stomach
Gastritis
Inflammation of the intestines
Enteritis
Inflammation of the colon
Colitis
Inflammation of the Peritoneum
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the Diverticuli
Diverticulitis
Are small out pockets of a tube
Diverticuli
An enteritis; happens in the large or small intestine. The chronic inflammation causes a thickening of the intestinal wall.
Crohn’s disease
Intestines are irritable by something else. So is a sequela or complicaion. Example: chronic stress
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
What are infections of the lower GI ?
Botulism, Salmonella, Heilicobacter pylori
Creates an exotoxin, hurts quickly
Botulism
Creates an endotoxin; hurts later
Salmonella
An infection of the lower GI that sits in the stomach
Helicobacter pylori
What is the 2-40-140
It is the rule for food; 2 hours, cold at 40 degrees, hot at 140 degrees
An infestation that lines our intestines
Giardiosis
A growth into a lumen
Polyp
Smooth muscle tumor
Leiomyoma
Epithelilal cancer
Carcinoma
Lymphatic cancer
Lymphoma
Trauma into the lining of a tube is?
Ulcer
Stomach area; Is one big pit, food relieves the pain
Gastric ulcer
Small intestine area; food makes it hurt more
Duodenal ulcer
Acute multiple and inflammatory
Stress ulcer
a type of ulcer that burns through; causes pain
Perforated ulcer
What are the complications of shock?
Obstructions, Peritonitis, Hemorrhage/shock
Something is blocking flow
Obstructive Disorder
Torsion or twisting of intestine
Volvulus
An organ protrudes out of it’s space (prolapse)
Hernia
Peristalis paralysis
Ileus
When one organ telescopes into another
Intussception
Our body is lacking something
Metabolic insufficiency
Person doesn’t make the lactase enzyme
Lactose intolerance
Gluten is a carbohydrate
Gluten intolerance
is gluten intolerant and this auto-immune disease is created
Celiac Disease
