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Human Pathophysiology Bio 218 > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

is the release of urine

A

micturition

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2
Q

is the production of urine

A

urination

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3
Q

low urine production

A

oliguria

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4
Q

complete cessation of of urine production

A

anuria

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5
Q

painful urination

A

dysuria

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6
Q

a buildup of metabolic toxins in the blood, results from kidney failure

A

uremia

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7
Q

increased production of urine at night

A

nocturia

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8
Q

bed-wetting

A

enuresis

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9
Q

an increased sensation to micturate

A

urgency

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10
Q

makes the urine

A

nephron

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11
Q

the connection to the ureter

A

renal pelvis

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12
Q

look for specific gravity

A

urinalysis

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13
Q

what do you look for in urine content?

A

glucose, protein, casts, cystals

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14
Q

what are casts?

A

cell fragments formed in urine

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15
Q

what are crystals?

A

are minerals

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16
Q

casts + renal =

A

Renal

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17
Q

What is another word for Calculi

A

Kidney stones

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18
Q

BUN

A

Blood Ura Nitrogen

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19
Q

PC

A

Plasma Creatinine

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20
Q

Would most likely result from an obstructed ureter

A

Hydronephrosis

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21
Q

A blood test for measuring kidney function

A

Plasma creatinine

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22
Q

Is typically caused by an auto-immune disease

A

Chronic glomerulonephritis

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23
Q

Diabetes insipidus is caused by a lack of

A

anti-diuretic hormone

24
Q

Staghorn calculi typically form in the …

A

renal pelvis

25
Q

Is the technique of breaking up kidney stones by using ultrasound waves

A

Lithotripsy

26
Q

Is the term for pus in the urine

A

Pyuria

27
Q

Is the term for blood in the urine

A

Hematuria

28
Q

Is the term for involuntary release of urine at night (bed-wetting_

A

Enuresis

29
Q

Is the term for increased production of dilute urine at night

A

Nocturia

30
Q

Is a surgical technique used when a patient’s bladder has been removed

A

Ileal conduit

31
Q

The scientific term for kidney stones is

A

Renal Calculi

32
Q

Cloudiness or turbidity of urine is a sign of?

A

Infection

33
Q

What does the presence of protein in the urine indicate?

A

Inflammation of the kidney

34
Q

Glucose present in the urine is an indication of?

A

High blood sugar level. Urine smells

35
Q

Cylindrical protein procipitates. Protein produced by the kidney tubules

A

Casts

36
Q

Renal Calculi aka

A

Crystal stones

37
Q

Measures how much Urea is in the blood

A

BUN, blood work nitrogen

38
Q

Gives indication of kidney function; a high level of this is an indication of kidney problems

A

Plasma Creatinine

39
Q

Indirect observation; contrast dyes are injected

A

Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)

40
Q

inflammation in the kidney is what?

A

Nephritis

41
Q

Due to an autoimmune condition; disease of the upper urinary tract

A

Chronic glomerulonephritis

42
Q

inflammation in the renal pelvis; e.coli, caused by pyogenic bacteria, occurs most commonly in young girls

A

pyelitis

43
Q

inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney, leads to pyuria and dysuria

A

Pyelonephritis

44
Q

which stones are the most common obstruction?

A

Calcium stones

45
Q

water in kidney, very diluted urine, accumulates due to obstruction

A

hydronephrosis

46
Q

tumors of the kidney

A

hypernephroma

47
Q

a rare type of cancer but if you have cancer of the kidney it will be this…

A

renal carcinoma

48
Q

an error in development, a genetic condition where there are multiple cysts

A

polycystic kidney disease

49
Q

inflammation in the urinary bladder. caused by infection. more common in women because the urethra is shorter

A

cystitis

50
Q

inflammation of the urethra, in men is a bacterial infection but in women it usually accompanies cystitis

A

urethritis

51
Q

the destruction of tissue by electrical current but in this case occurs by way of Bacillus Calmette Guerin, a weakened tuberculosis bacillus that coats the bladder’s internal epithelial surface

A

Fulguration

52
Q

the inability to hold urine

A

incontinence

53
Q

what is incontinence caused by?

A

brain and spinal damage, loss of hormone sensitivity, loss of muscle tone, obstruction, stress

54
Q

an individuals blood is routed out of the their system by a machine

A

hemodialysis

55
Q

inject a solution inot the abdominal cavity using the peritoneum itself as a dialysis aid

A

peritoneal dialysis

56
Q

A segment of the illium is separated and reattached to another location

A

ileal conduit

57
Q

Know the structures of the urinary system and their functions.

A

Kidneys (nephrons) and ureters
the functional unit of the kidney is the nephron. As blood passes through the nephrons, metabolic waste products are filtered from the blood plasma. At the same time, most of the water (99%) is reabsorbed along with glucose and amino acids. Extra water, unwanted ions, some drugs, and metabolic wastes are then excreted. The product at the end of the nephron is urine.

Human Pathophysiology Bio 218 (11 decks)

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