Chapter 10 Flashcards
is the release of urine
micturition
is the production of urine
urination
low urine production
oliguria
complete cessation of of urine production
anuria
painful urination
dysuria
a buildup of metabolic toxins in the blood, results from kidney failure
uremia
increased production of urine at night
nocturia
bed-wetting
enuresis
an increased sensation to micturate
urgency
makes the urine
nephron
the connection to the ureter
renal pelvis
look for specific gravity
urinalysis
what do you look for in urine content?
glucose, protein, casts, cystals
what are casts?
cell fragments formed in urine
what are crystals?
are minerals
casts + renal =
Renal
What is another word for Calculi
Kidney stones
BUN
Blood Ura Nitrogen
PC
Plasma Creatinine
Would most likely result from an obstructed ureter
Hydronephrosis
A blood test for measuring kidney function
Plasma creatinine
Is typically caused by an auto-immune disease
Chronic glomerulonephritis
Diabetes insipidus is caused by a lack of
anti-diuretic hormone
Staghorn calculi typically form in the …
renal pelvis
Is the technique of breaking up kidney stones by using ultrasound waves
Lithotripsy
Is the term for pus in the urine
Pyuria
Is the term for blood in the urine
Hematuria
Is the term for involuntary release of urine at night (bed-wetting_
Enuresis
Is the term for increased production of dilute urine at night
Nocturia
Is a surgical technique used when a patient’s bladder has been removed
Ileal conduit
The scientific term for kidney stones is
Renal Calculi
Cloudiness or turbidity of urine is a sign of?
Infection
What does the presence of protein in the urine indicate?
Inflammation of the kidney
Glucose present in the urine is an indication of?
High blood sugar level. Urine smells
Cylindrical protein procipitates. Protein produced by the kidney tubules
Casts
Renal Calculi aka
Crystal stones
Measures how much Urea is in the blood
BUN, blood work nitrogen
Gives indication of kidney function; a high level of this is an indication of kidney problems
Plasma Creatinine
Indirect observation; contrast dyes are injected
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
inflammation in the kidney is what?
Nephritis
Due to an autoimmune condition; disease of the upper urinary tract
Chronic glomerulonephritis
inflammation in the renal pelvis; e.coli, caused by pyogenic bacteria, occurs most commonly in young girls
pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney, leads to pyuria and dysuria
Pyelonephritis
which stones are the most common obstruction?
Calcium stones
water in kidney, very diluted urine, accumulates due to obstruction
hydronephrosis
tumors of the kidney
hypernephroma
a rare type of cancer but if you have cancer of the kidney it will be this…
renal carcinoma
an error in development, a genetic condition where there are multiple cysts
polycystic kidney disease
inflammation in the urinary bladder. caused by infection. more common in women because the urethra is shorter
cystitis
inflammation of the urethra, in men is a bacterial infection but in women it usually accompanies cystitis
urethritis
the destruction of tissue by electrical current but in this case occurs by way of Bacillus Calmette Guerin, a weakened tuberculosis bacillus that coats the bladder’s internal epithelial surface
Fulguration
the inability to hold urine
incontinence
what is incontinence caused by?
brain and spinal damage, loss of hormone sensitivity, loss of muscle tone, obstruction, stress
an individuals blood is routed out of the their system by a machine
hemodialysis
inject a solution inot the abdominal cavity using the peritoneum itself as a dialysis aid
peritoneal dialysis
A segment of the illium is separated and reattached to another location
ileal conduit
Know the structures of the urinary system and their functions.
Kidneys (nephrons) and ureters
the functional unit of the kidney is the nephron. As blood passes through the nephrons, metabolic waste products are filtered from the blood plasma. At the same time, most of the water (99%) is reabsorbed along with glucose and amino acids. Extra water, unwanted ions, some drugs, and metabolic wastes are then excreted. The product at the end of the nephron is urine.
