Chap 7 Flashcards
has too few or too many platelets
platelet disorder
the process of maintaining the blood in a fluid state within the confines of the circulatory system
hemostasis
the stopping of bleeding; this is a good thing
hemostasis
an elevated platelet count
thrombocythemia
decreased platelet count
thrombocytopenia
a consequence of decreased production disorders such as acute leukemia
thrombocytopenia
numerous tiny purple or red spot appearing on the skin as a result of tiny hemorrhages within the dermal or submucosal layers
petechiae
bluish discoloration of an area of skin or mucous membrane caused by the extravasation of blood into the subcutaneous tissues as a result of trauma to the underlying blood vessels or vesse wall
Ecchymosis
a decreased clotting ability
hemophilia
what are the causes of hemophilia; decreased clotting ability
Genetics, lack of vitamin K, lack of Ca., medications
What are the causes of anemia?
Iron-deficiency, a decrease in erythrocyte production, loss of blood
A decrease in the erythrocyte count as a result of a chronic inflammatory state
Anemia of chronic disease
A hereditary condition that weakens the clotting factor
Von Willebrand’s disease
Is the sequela of a trauma
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
How many liters of blood do we have in our body?
5 liters
The liquid portion of blood
Plasma
This is the plasma minus the clotting factors
Serum
The concentration of red blood cells
Hematocrit
The process of formation of all blood cells
Hematopoiesis
The formation of granulocytes
Myeloid
The formation of lymphocytes
Lymphoid
An immature erythrocyte
Reticulocyte
What does an elevated amount of Reticulocytes indicate?
Possible Leukemia
What is the average lifespan of an erythrocyte?
120 days
What is the average lifespan of a lymphocyte?
7-14 years
What is the average lifespan of a monocyte?
7-14 years
How long do platelets live?
1-2 days
Erythrocyte disorder, different causes, elevated hematocrit, include weakness & fatigue
Polycythemia
Elevated “true” hematocrit. An increased in the RBC count and circulating red blood cell mass that may be primary or secondary to pulmonary disease,heart disease, or prolonged exposure to high altitudes
Polycythemia Vera
The hemoglobin molecule has a mutation that changes its 3-dimensional shape
Sickle-cell anemia
Is a vascular bleeding disorder that causes the person to bruise easily
Purpura Simplex
Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin are forms of?
Lymphoma
Is a decreased number of white blood cells in the peripheral blood
Leukopenia
Hemophilia can result from a dietary lack of ?
Vitamin K
Is caused by inherited deficiency of alpha-or-beta globin synthesis. Is a genetic mutation in the “globin” protein
Thalassemia
Is the mineral in hemoglobin that binds the oxygen molecule
Iron
When the stomach fails to secrete _______ _____, which is necessary for Vitamin B12, absorption, a type of anemia results
intrinsic factor
What do these steps refer to: Differential WBC count, Coagulation Time, Prothrombin Time, Platelet Count, Reticulocyte Count.
Differential Blood Analysis
Does not have the Reed Sternberg cells. Lymphoma is aggressive
Non-Hodgkin
A mild cancer stays in one place. Biopsy shows a characteristic cell called Reed Sternberg cell. Chemotherapy surgery will take care of this.
Hodgkin
Malignant. Will see group of lymphocytes in lymph nodes.
Lymphoma
Bone marrow problem with too many lymphocytes. Form nodules in bone marrow. Need a biopsy to see.
Multiple Myeloma
Granulocytes. Person has elevated eosinophils. Damanges multiple systems in the body.
Eosinophilia
Granulocytes. Unknown cause. Elevated of eosinophils
Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Granulocytes. Too few neutrophils.
Neutropenia
Monocytes. In bone marrow. Makes too many monocytes. A variation of AML. Found in kids
Myelomonocytic leukemia
Leukocyte disorder. occurs in lymphatic tissue. elevated lymphocytes
Lymphocytic leukemia
Leukocyte disorders. occurs in bone marrow. elevated granulocytes.
Myelogenous Leukemia
Leukocyte disorder. an over production of WBCs. This type appears slowly and appears more in adults.
Chronic leukemia
Leukocyte disorder. an over production of WBCs. This one appears rapidly and is more common in kids.
Acute leukemia
Leukocyte disorder. an over production of WBC
Leukemia
Leukocyte disorder an increased number of WBCs.
Leukocytosis
Leukocyte disorder. a decreased granulocyte count
Agranulocytosis
Leukocyte disorder. Decreased WBC count
Leukopenia
Vascular Bleeding disorder. an outward malformation of a blood vessel. grew wrong to begin with.
Fistula
Vascular bleeding disorder. Having a vascular malformation. Bruise and bleed easily
Hereditary Hemorrhaic Telangiectasia
Vascular Bleeding disorder. The process of formin bruises easily. Found more often in women. Sex-linked dominant.
Purpura (bruise) Simplex
An artificial blood transfusion by injecting the hormone Erythropoietin to stimulate RBC production. The administration of blood, RBC, or related blood products to an athlete to enhance performance.
Blood Doping
Erythrocyte disorder. Caused by a lack of folic acid in the diet.
Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia
Inadequate tissue oxygenation. Usually caused by inadequate blood oxygen-carrying capacity. May be caused by a decrease in erythrocyte production, an increase in erythrocyte destruction
Anemia
Erythrocyte disorder; we lack a hormone from the stomach calle Intrinsic Factor. A rare autoimmune form of megaloblastic anemia that results from autoantibodies to parietal cells & intrinsic factor essential for the absorption of cyanocobalamin (B12).
Pernicious Anemia
Due to thin oxygen in the air
Hypoxic anemia
Have lost bone marrow. may have had an infection so you are not making bone marrow
Aplastic anemia
A disorder characterized by acute or chronic premature destrction of RBC. Anemia may be partially compensated by bone marrow production
Hemolytic Anemia
Erythrocyte disorder; an autosomal recessive condition. Have a normal hematocrit but RBCs look odd. Joint pain, thrombosis, and fever
Sickel Cell Anemia
