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BIO 101 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

allelic variation within and between populations

A

Genetic Diversity

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2
Q

How many species are in a given area

A

Species Diversity

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3
Q

How many habitats are in a given ecosystems

A

Ecosystem Diversity

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4
Q

Areas that host a particular species

A

Habitats

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5
Q

Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

A

Prokaryote

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6
Q

Cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

A

Eukaryote

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7
Q

Eu means true nucleus

A

True

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8
Q

Pro means before nucleus

A

True

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9
Q

Broad category ranking organism on similar cell type and genetics

A

Domain

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10
Q

Unicellular Prokaryoties

A

Bacteria and Arcaea

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11
Q

Unicellular & multi-cellular Eukaryotes

A

Eukarya

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12
Q

There are six kingdoms divided from the domains.

A

True

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13
Q

Plasmids are additional genetic content not related to primary cellular function.

A

True

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14
Q

Conjugation is two living organisms exchange genetic material

A

True

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15
Q

The taking in of DNA that sitting in the environment is Environmental Uptake.

A

True

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16
Q

Insertion of genes from one domain to another is refereed to as Domain-Domain

A

True

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17
Q

get their Carbon from inorganic sources

A

Autotroph

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18
Q

Receive their carbon from organic sources

A

Heterotroph

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19
Q

Obtain their energy from light (inorganic)

A

Photo-

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20
Q

Obtain their energy from inorganic molecules

A

Litho-

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21
Q

Obtain their energy from organic molecules

A

Chemo-

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22
Q

Does not need oxygen (will limit growth)

A

Anaerobes

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23
Q

Needs atmospheric oxygen

A

Aerobes

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24
Q

Extremophiles are organism that thrive in extreme environments

A

True

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25
Q

Thermophiles need high heat.

A

Ture

26
Q

Halophiles need high salt.

A

True

27
Q

Acidophiles need high acid.

A

True

28
Q

Pathogens are organisms that cause disease in other organisms

A

True

29
Q

Traits that leads to increased reproduction

A

Adaptive

30
Q

Traits that lead to decreased reproduction

A

Maladaptive

31
Q

Gene flow is alleles moving between populations.

A

True

32
Q

Mutation increases variation

A

True

33
Q

This generally removes variation

A

Natural Selection

34
Q

This generally maintains existing variation

A

Gene Flow

35
Q

this removes variation all together

A

Genetic Drift

36
Q

Bases on shared physical characteristics

A

Morphological

37
Q

Based on as a group of natural populations that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

A

Biological

38
Q

One species splits to form two or mote species by being reproductively isolated from one another is called ________.

A

Speciation

39
Q

__________ barriers prevent sperm and egg gamete from successful fusion to from a zygote

A

Pre-zygotic

40
Q

_________ barriers prevent zygotes from developing into health and fertile offspring

A

Post-zygotic

41
Q

Natural selection comes from environmental pressures

A

True

42
Q

Sexual Sections is based on mate preferences

A

True

43
Q

Artificial Selection is due to mans impact on nature

A

True

44
Q

___________ (__RNA)communicated messages from DNA to be converted into proteins.

A

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

45
Q

______________ (__RNA) enzymatic RNA that binds amino acids together inside a ribosome

A

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

46
Q

___________ (__RNA) brings amino acids to ribosomes and interacts with mRNA and rRNA.

A

Transfer (tRNA)

47
Q

Alleles of a single gene

A

Law of Segregation

48
Q

Separate genes (on the same or a different chromosome)

A

Law of Independent Assortment

49
Q

A segment breaks off and is lost from a chromosome is called

A

Deletion

50
Q

A segment breaks off and in reattached bu in the reverse order is called

A

Inversion

51
Q

A segment breaks off one chromosome and becomes attached to a different non-homoguls chromosome is called

A

Translocation

52
Q

A chromosome become larger after acquiring an extra copy of a chromosome segment is called

A

Duplication

53
Q

The process of DNA to RNA is called what?

A

Transcription

54
Q

The process of RNA to protein is called what?

A

Translation

55
Q

Transcription occurs where?

A

In the nucleus

56
Q

Translation occurs where?

A

In the cytoplasm/ribosomes

57
Q

How well a genotype reproduces is called what?

A

Fitness

58
Q

________ develops speciation and reproductive isolation through geographical isolation

A

Allopatric

59
Q

________ develops speciation and reproductive isolation in the same location

A

Sympatric

60
Q

Region of DNA that indicated to an enzyme where to bind to make RNA

A

Promoter

61
Q

A special sequence of nucleotides in DNA that marks the end of a gene. It signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule, which then departs from the gene

A

Terminator

62
Q

enzyme that links together the growing chain of RNA nucleotides during transcription using a DNA strand as a template

A

RNA Polymerase

BIO 101 (9 decks)

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