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Chem II > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which could account for drug toxicity following a normally prescribed dose to the geriatric patient?

A

Decreased renal clearance, slow drug absorption, liver impairment

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2
Q

All of the following represent normal physiology of the newborn except:

A

Weight of 2.1 kg

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3
Q

Which test would be likely to show an increase in value in a geriatric patient?

A

ANAs

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4
Q

(T/F) It is easy to find healthy adults, over 65, with no preexisting conditions, to use to develop normal ranges.

A

False

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5
Q

Which of the following conditions are related to acidosis in the pediatric patient?

A

Anoxia and trauma during delivery

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6
Q

Which of the following biomarkers are found in high concentrations in neonates as compared to adults?

A

Ammonia

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7
Q

What are special considerations that need to be taken into account with regards to neonatal blood collections. (select all that apply)

A

Care should be taken to minimize evaporation of the sample from open tubes, Sample volume should be minimized to reduce blood loss

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8
Q

Which of the following choices is false concerning blood obtained by heel stick (capillary) and venipuncture (venous)?

A

The chemical composition of the sera derived from each is identical

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9
Q

(T/F) Specimens for porphyrin testing do not need to be protected from light.

A

False

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10
Q

Symptom type: Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP)

A

Neuropsychiatric

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11
Q

Symptom type: Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)

A

Cutaneous

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12
Q

Symptom type: Variegate porphyria (VP)

A

Neurocutaneous

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13
Q

Symptom type: Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP)

A

Cutaneous

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14
Q

Which statement about secondary porphyrinurias is not true.

A

Are an inherited condition associated with increased excretion of urinary porphyrins

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15
Q

How many pyrrole rings make up a porphyrin ring?

A

4

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16
Q

(T/F) The aqueous solubility of porphyrins varies with the number of carboxylic acid substitutes present in that particular porphyrin compound.

A

True

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17
Q

This is chelated to the porphyrin ring to form heme.

A

Iron

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18
Q

Which type of porphyria is not considered chronic?

A

Hereditary coproporphyria

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19
Q

Which of the following is a qualitative screening test for porphobilinogen that may be performed to aid in the diagnosis of the porphyrias?

A

Watson-Schwartz test

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20
Q

The most common abnormalities in the structure of hemoglobin is:

A

Amino acid substitutions

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21
Q

Put in the order of electrophoretic mobility (slowest to fastest) on cellulose acetate.

A

C, S, F, A

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22
Q

Which of the following hormones is responsible for the stimulation of ductal epithelial cell secretion of bicarbonate?

A

Secretin

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23
Q

If this area of the pancreas becomes affected by cancer there is high potential that it will go undetected and lead to greater morbidity and mortality in the patient.

A

Tail

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24
Q

Which of the following is not true regarding normal pancreatic fluid?

A

It contains a high concentration of hydrochloric acid

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25
Q

The hormone responsible for the release of bile into the intestine and the secretion of enzymes by the pancreas is:

A

Cholecystokinin

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26
Q

(T/F) The exocrine function of the pancreas includes the production of insulin and glucagon.

A

False

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27
Q

The recommended specimen requirement for steatorrhea is a:

A

72-hour stool collection

28
Q

(T/F) In patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, fecal fat is often decreased and fecal enzymes are increased.

A

False

29
Q

(T/F) The Ampulla of Vater is where the pancreas and stomach join together

A

False

30
Q

Hormone secretion of Epsilon cells?

A

Ghrelin

31
Q

Hormone secretion of Gamma cells?

A

Pancreatic polypeptide hormones

32
Q

(T/F) The Acinar cells produce hormones in the pancreas.

A

False

33
Q

This test may be used because it is a non-invasive, indirect indicator of moderate and severe exocrine pancreatic dysfunction.

A

Fecal elastase-1

34
Q

(T/F) There are no associated risks with using TPN for patients who need it.

A

False

35
Q

Marasmus definition

A

A diet deficient in protein and calories

36
Q

Kwashiorkor definition

A

A diet deficient in protein but adequate in calories

37
Q

Water soluble vitamins

A

B6, C

38
Q

(T/F) Since they are stored, water soluble vitamins have greater risk of toxicity.

A

False

39
Q

This deficiency in this vitamin is associated with hair loss, anorexia, and depression. It is often found in hair products and supplements. Taking supplements that contain this may cause interference with certain test assays.

A

Vitamin B7 (biotin)

40
Q

Select the two most common tests run to differentiate the reason behind a diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia.

A

Folate, B12

41
Q

If you had the following lab results, what would condition would you expect to see:
Transferrin increased, Ferritin decreased, % saturation decreased, TIBC increased

A

Iron deficiency

42
Q

This element is widely used in industrial and household ways, and interferes with enzyme activity. It is associated with encephalopathy, anemia, bone disease and progressive dementia. It is excreted mainly in the urine.

A

Aluminum

43
Q

An employee at a local glass blowing and manufacturing facility is admitted to the Psychiatric Hospital due to severe anxiety and constant bouts of compulsive laughing and crying. Given these symptoms, what kind of heavy metal toxicity should be expected?

A

Manganese

44
Q

Over the decades, this element has been considered a toxic element, a carcinogen, essential element, and an anti-carcinogen. It is also involved in the metabolism of thyroid hormones.

A

Selenium

45
Q

This heavy metal has both an essential form and a toxic, nonessential form. When absorbed it will be bound by transferrin and transported by albumin.

A

Chromium

46
Q

TIBC

A

The theoretical amount of iron that could be bound if transferrin in the plasma was saturated

47
Q

Ferritin

A

The major iron storage protein for the body

48
Q

Transferrin

A

The primary plasma iron transport protein

49
Q

Serum iron

A

The Fe3+ bound to transferrin

50
Q

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

A

Quantification of an element by measuring the intensity of emitted radiation from an aerosolized sample

51
Q

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

A

Correct match:
Determination of element quantity through the absorption of optical radiation by free atoms in the gas phase

52
Q

Match the cell type with the hormone it secretes:

Alpha

A

Glucagon

53
Q

Match the cell type with the hormone it secretes:

Beta

A

Insulin

54
Q

Match the cell type with the hormone it secretes:

Delta

A

Somatostatin

55
Q

Match the cell type with the hormone it secretes:

Gamma

A

Pancreatic polypeptide hormones

56
Q

Match the cell type with the hormone it secretes:

Epsilon

A

Ghrelin

57
Q

Porphyrias

A

A group of rare disorders that result from disturbances in heme synthesis

58
Q

Hemoglobinopathies

A

Disorders that have qualitative defects in the hemoglobin molecule

59
Q

Myoglobin

A

A simple heme protein found in cardiac and skeletal muscles

60
Q

Thalassemias

A

Quantitative defects in the production of hemoglobin molecules

61
Q

Heme

A

The prosthetic group of hemoglobin responsible for binding oxygen

62
Q

Match the porphyria with its symptom type:

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP)

A

Neuropsychiatric

63
Q

Match the porphyria with its symptom type:

Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)

A

Cutaneous

64
Q

Match the porphyria with its symptom type:

Variegate porphyria (VP)

A

Neurocutaneous

65
Q

Match the porphyria with its symptom type:

Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP)

A

Cutaneous

66
Q

Which of these statements are true:

Regular exercise can improve the quality of life among geriatric patients

Exercise can help prevent depression and other diseases

Proper nutrition is important along with exercise

All of these statements are true

A

All of these statements are true

Chem II (12 decks)

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