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Chem II > Exam 1 Review Questions > Flashcards

Exam 1 Review Questions Flashcards

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1
Q

Which hormone is not of clinical significance in the patient presenting with panhypopituitarism?

ACTH

hCG

TSH

GH

A

hCG

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2
Q

What is the difference between a tropic hormone and a direct effector hormone?

A

Tropic hormones act on endocrine glands, while direct effector hormones act on peripheral tissue.

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3
Q

A patient has signs and symptoms suggestive of acromegaly. The diagnosis would be confirmed if the patient had which of the following?

A

No decrease in serum growth hormone concentration 90 minutes after oral glucose administration

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4
Q

All of the following are examples of negative feedback except:

Thermostat control

Thyroid regulation

Oxytocin’s effect on uterine contractions

Adrenal hormones

A

Oxytocin’s effect on uterine contractions

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5
Q

What portion of the adrenals produces glucocorticoids?

A

Zona fasiculata

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6
Q

A 37 year old patient presents with low ACTH and low cortisol. What hormone replacement therapy is indicated?

A

Glucocorticoids

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7
Q

Which of the following tissues doesn’t not secrete steroid hormones?

A

Pituitary gland

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8
Q

If a patient had a luteal phase defect, which hormone would most likely be deficient?

A

Progesterone

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9
Q

A patient has the following thyroid profile: decreased total T4, decreased Free T4, positive thyroid peroxidase antibody, increased TSH. What is the most like scenario?

A

Hashimotos’s thyroiditis

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10
Q

The primary serum test to screen for thyroid disease is:

A

TSH

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11
Q

What is the major carrier protein of the thyroid hormones in the blood?

A

Thyroxine binding globulin

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12
Q

A pregnant patient presents to her OB/GYN in the first trimester of pregnancy with abnormal ultrasound readings, normal hCG, and AFP values of 8 MoM (normal is <2 MoM). Based on this evidence, what is most likely manifesting in the fetus?

A

Neural tube defects

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13
Q

Which of the following is not quantified in the triple test for Down Syndrome?

Alpha-1 fetoprotein

Unconjugated estriol

Progesterone

hCG

A

Progesterone

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14
Q

A laboratory measures maternal serum AFP (MS-AFP) at 16-18 weeks gestation as a screen for fetal disorders. The 16 week MS-AFP median is 32 mg/L and a 37 year old woman has a MS-AFP level of 34 mg/L. This result is consistent with:

A

A normal MS-AFP level for 16 week gestation

(MoM of patient)/(MoM median) = 0.5 - 2.00

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15
Q

The first test performed to assess thyroid function.

A

TSH

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16
Q

A common way to see the cellular structure of a thyroid nodule is with:

A

Fine needle aspirate

17
Q

If the TSH is decreased and T4/FT4 is increased it would indicate what?

A

Hyperthyroidism

18
Q

Positive thyroid peroxidase antibody and increased TSH could indicate what disease state?

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

19
Q

This is the major carrier of thyroid hormones.

A

Thyroxine binding globulin (TBG)

20
Q

(T/F) Calcium needs of the mother decrease during pregnancy.

A

False

21
Q

In a pregnancy with Down’s syndrome, the hCG levels are how much higher typically?

A

2x higher

22
Q

False negatives can be seen in immunoassays methodologies due to what?

A

Hook effect

23
Q

What hormone can be decreased during pregnancy due to structural similarities to hCG?

A

TSH

24
Q

Pregnancy causes changes in respiration with a ___ in pO2 and ____ in pCO2.

A

pO2 increase, pCO2 decrease

25
Q

What three glands secrete testosterone?

A

Testes, ovaries, and adrenal glands

26
Q

What hormone stimulates production of testosterone?

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

27
Q

What hormone is secreted by the placenta to maintain the uterus?

A

Progesterone

28
Q

What disorder is often associated with infertility and hirsutism?

A

PCOS

29
Q

Genetic defect in females that has a partial or complete loss of one of the X chromosomes.

A

Turner syndrome

30
Q

Where is the adrenal gland located?

A

Top of kidneys

31
Q

What area of the adrenal cortex is responsible for androgens?

A

Zona reticularis

32
Q

What is the neurotransmitter in the brain affecting the vascular system?

A

Dopamine

33
Q

What are metabolized into a final end product of vanillylmandelic acid?

A

Norepinephrine and Epinephrine

34
Q

What is the originating tissue of cortisol?

A

Adrenal cortex

35
Q

(T/F) Trauma can cause hypopituitarism

A

True

36
Q

What tissue does TRH act on?

A

Pituitary

37
Q

What test is preferred for assessing growth hormone?

A

IGF-1

38
Q

What is the originating tissue of ACTH?

A

Anterior pituitary gland

39
Q

Complete loss of function of hypopituitarism is called:

A

Panhypopituitarism

Chem II (12 decks)

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