EXAM #3 Flashcards by Elizabeth Rios

Which has the greatest number of protons in its nucleus?

Lead.

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Nuclei of atoms that make up a newborn baby were made in _.

ancient stars

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The air in this room has _.

all of these; energy, weight, mass

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If two protons are added to an oxygen nucleus, the result is _.

neon

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In a closed bottle are a certain number of hydrogen molecules. In an identical closed bottle at the same temperature and internal pressure are a certain number of nitrogen molecules. The bottle with the greater number of molecules is the one containing _.

both the same

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If an astronaut landed on a planet made of antimatter, there would be an explosion and _.

the astronaut and an equal amount of the planet would both annihilate

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If a pair of helium nuclei are fused together, the result is _.

beryllium

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When carbon and oxygen atoms combine, energy is _.

given off by the reaction

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Which of these atoms has the greatest amount of electrical charge in its nucleus?

Uranium

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Solid matter is mostly empty space. The reason solids don’t fall through one another is because _.

of electrical forces

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Which of the following is not a compound?

Air.

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Which of the following are electrically neutral?

Neutron.

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If one neutron is added to a helium nucleus, the result is _.

helium

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The weight of matter comes mostly from its _.

protons

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Which of these atoms has the most mass?

Uranium.

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When a chocolate bar is cut in half, its density is _.

unchanged

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Compared to the density of a kilogram of feathers, the density of a kilogram of lead is _.

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If object A in your left hand and object B in your right hand both have the same density, then they _.

may or may not have equal mass

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Compared to the volume of a kilogram of feathers, the volume of a kilogram of lead is _.

less

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Which has the greater density, a lake full of water or a cup full of lake water?

Both have the same density.

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A metal block has a density of 5000 kg per cubic meter and a volume of 2 cubic meters. What is the block’s mass?

10,000 kg.

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If a loaf of bread is compressed, its _.

density increases

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A metal block has a density of 5000 kg per cubic meter and a mass of 15,000 kg. What is its volume?

3 cubic meters.

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A metal block has a mass of 5 grams and a volume of 1 cubic centimeter. A piece of the same kind of metal with a volume of 2 cubic centimeters has a density of _.

5 g/cc

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Compared to a bar of pure gold, the density of a pure gold ring is _.

the same

A row boat containing a barrel of water floats in a swimming pool. When the water in the barrel is poured overboard, the swimming pool level will _.

remain unchanged

If a battleship sinks in a canal lock (= water canal that is sealed on both ends), the water level in the lock will _.

fall

Pumice is a volcanic rock that floats. Its density is _.

less than the density of water

Compared to an empty ship, the same ship loaded with styrofoam will float _.

lower in the water

The pascal is a pressure unit equal to one _.

newton per square meter

The reason that buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object is that _.

upward pressure against the bottom is greater than downward pressure against the top of the submerged object

A fish normally displaces its own _.

weight and volume of water

A boat loaded with wood floats in a swimming pool. When the wood is thrown overboard, the pool level will _.

remain unchanged

If a weighted air-filled balloon (air balloon with iron weight attached to it) sinks in deep water, it will _.

be acted on by a continuously decreasing buoyant force

The buoyant force on an object is least when the object is _.

partly submerged

A block of wood half as dense as water floats with half its volume above water. A piece of iron is then tied on top so the wood floats with only 1/4 its volume above the surface. If the wood and iron are turned over so that the iron is submerged beneath the wood, then the volume of wood above the water surface will be _.

more than 1/4

The mass of a cubic meter of water is _.

1000 kg

The reason a life jacket helps you float is _.

the density of both you and the jacket together is less than your density alone

Ice cubes submerged at the bottom of a liquid indicate that the liquid _.

is less dense than ice

What is the weight of water displaced by a 100-ton floating ship?

100 tons.

Lobsters live on the bottom of the ocean. The density of a lobster is _.

greater than the density of sea water

The pressure at the bottom of a jug filled with water does NOT depend on _.

surface area of the water

When an ice cube in a glass of water melts, the water level _.

remains the same

An egg is placed at the bottom of a bowl filled with water. Salt is slowly added to the water until the egg rises and floats. From this experiment, one concludes _.

the density of salt water exceeds the density of egg

A block of styrofoam floats on water while a same size block of lead lies submerged in the water. The buoyant force is greatest on the _.

lead

Airplane flight best illustrates _.

Bernoulli's principle

A column that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere contains a certain mass of air. If the same column instead had the same mass of mercury in it, the height of the mercury column would be _.

about 3/4 meter

The weight of a 1-square-meter column of air that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere is _.

101,000 N

A column that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere contains a certain mass of air. If the same column instead had the same mass of water in it, the height of the water column would be _.

10.3 meters

A helium-filled balloon released in the atmosphere will rise until _.

the balloon and surrounding air have equal densities

The faster a fluid moves, the _.

less its internal pressure

What is the approximate mass of a 1-square-centimeter column of air that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere?

1 kilogram.

A large block of wood and a smaller block of iron on weighing scales both register the same weight - 1 ton. Taking buoyancy of air into account, which has the greater mass?

Wood.

A balloon is buoyed up with a force equal to the _.

weight of air it displaces

Magdeburg hemispheres are two thin metal half spheres that are held together and evacuated using a vacuum pump. It would be easier to pull evacuated Magdeburg hemispheres apart when they are _.

20 km above the ocean surface

The air in this room has _.

all of these; energy, weight, mass

As a balloon rises higher and higher into the atmosphere, its _.

none of these; mass, weight, volume, density

A suction cup sticks to a wall. It is _.

pushed to the wall by the atmosphere

A swimmer cannot use a long hose to snorkel more than a meter deep because air _.

at the surface will not freely enter the higher-pressure region in the compressed lungs

Assuming no change in temperature, as a freely-expanding helium-filled balloon rises in the atmosphere, the buoyant force that acts on it _.

remains nearly the same for a long way

Alcohol is less dense than water. If alcohol is used to make a barometer on a day when atmospheric pressure is normal, the height of the alcohol column would be _.

more than 10.3 m

Atmospheric pressure is caused by the _.

weight of the atmosphere

A car with closed windows makes a left hand turn. A helium-filled balloon in the car will _.

move to the left

Which of the following is an example of matter in a plasma state?

A blow torch flame.

Which of the following bodies is comprised mostly of plasma?

Sun.

Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to _.

4 degrees C

If the specific heat of water were lower than it is, ponds in the cold of winter would be _.

more likely to freeze

Consider a closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in _.

two of these

During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst. The reason for this is _.

water expands when freezing

When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows _.

from your finger to the ice

Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has _.

higher temperature, but less internal energy

Microscopic slush in water tends to make the water density _.

less

Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. So it looks like the letter C. When the ring is heated, the gap _.

becomes wider

When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is _.

copper expands more than iron

Which of the following expands most when the temperature is increased? Equal volumes of _.

helium

The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has _.

a low specific heat

The white-hot sparks that strike your skin from a 4th-of-July-type sparkler don't harm you because _.

the energy per molecule is high, but little energy is transferred because of the few molecules in the spark

Ice has a lower density than water because ice _.

is made of open-structured, hexagonal crystals

Between 0 degrees Celsius and 8 degrees Celsius a red-dyed-water-in-glass thermometer would _.

give ambiguous readings

If you measure a plot of land with a brass tape on a cold day, the actual amount of land you have will be _.

larger than measured