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PHYSICS 130 > CHAPTER 13: LIQUIDS > Flashcards

CHAPTER 13: LIQUIDS Flashcards

1
Q

Force / Area =

A

Pressure

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2
Q

Who was the 17th-century scientist who first discovered that pressure within a fluid is transferred without loss to all parts of the fluid and to the walls of the container?

A

Blaise Pascal

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3
Q

When scientists use the term ‘total pressure’, they are referring to _.

A

the pressure of the atmosphere and the pressure from the liquid

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4
Q

What is required for an object to sink in a fluid?

A

The object is denser than the fluid in which it is immersed.

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5
Q

When a paintbrush is pulled out of water, the hairs on the brush are held together by _.

A

surface tension

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6
Q

Liquids are _.

A

practically incompressible

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7
Q

Which of the following rely on Pascal’s principle to operate?

A

Pumping Stations, Construction Equipment, Automobile Lifts.

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8
Q

A boat floating in salt water will _ when floating in fresh water.

A

float higher than

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9
Q

What is the principle of flotation?

A

A floating object displaces a weight of fluid equal to its own weight.

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10
Q

If your hair is long and you let it hang into the sink or bathtub, water will seep up to your scalp because of _.

A

capillary action

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11
Q

The net force acting on a submerged object is upward because _.

A

pressure is greater on the bottom of the object due to its depth

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12
Q

The deeper you swim down in a lake, the more _ you will feel.

A

pressure

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13
Q

The pressure in a liquid depends on what two things?

A

The density of the liquid, the depth of the submerged object.

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14
Q

A fish swimming in water falls under what buoyancy rule?

A

The object has a density equal to the density of the fluid in which it is immersed.

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15
Q

Where would a swimmer feel more pressure: 10 feet below the surface of a fresh water lake or 10 feet below the surface of a pool?

A

Neither; the pressure depends only on the depth, not the size, of the body of water.

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16
Q

A hydraulic lift in an automobile service station obeys _.

A

Pascal’s principle

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17
Q

The attraction of like material to one another is known as _.

A

cohesion

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18
Q

When a stone is submerged in water, the stone will displace a water equal to the _ of the stone.

A

volume

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19
Q

The attraction of unlike materials to one another is known as _.

A

adhesion

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20
Q

Which of the following is not an example of surface tension?

A

A boat floating on water.

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21
Q

When soup is placed in the refrigerator and cooled, a thin layer of fat rises and floats on top of the cold soup. This is because _.

A

when the soup cools, the surface tension increases

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22
Q

A bucket with three vertical holes one above the other is filled with water. Which statement is true?

A

Water in the bottom hole will spurt the farthest away from the bucket and the top hole will spurt the least.

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23
Q

Who was the 3rd century BC Greed scientist who first discovered a relationship between buoyancy and the displaced liquid?

A

Archimedes

24
Q

The net upward force of an object submerged in a fluid is known as _.

A

the buoyant force

25
Q

What is required for an object to float in a fluid?

A

The object is less dense than the fluid in which it is immersed.

26
Q

How does pressure relate to force?

A

Pressure is force per unit area.

27
Q

Water pressure on a submerged object is greatest against its _.

A

bottom

28
Q

Does the buoyant force on a submerged object depend on the volume of the object or on the weight of the object?

A

Volume.

29
Q

Lobsters live on the bottom of the ocean, which means their density is _.

A

greater than the density of sea water

30
Q

How much air must a 100-ton blimp displace to float and neither rise nor sink?

A

100 tons.

31
Q

What happens to the pressure in all parts of a confined fluid if the pressure in one part is increased?

A

The pressure everywhere increases by the same amount.

32
Q

If an object suspended by a scale shows a weight of 3 N in air, and 2 N when submerged in water, the buoyant force on the submerged object is _.

A

1 N.

33
Q

Water pressure in a lake is greater _.

A

at the bottom

34
Q

Distinguish between an immersed and a submerged body.

A

A submerged body is completely surrounded by fluid, whereas an immersed one is partially or completely surrounded.

35
Q

A completely submerged object always displaces its own _.

A

volume of fluid

36
Q

The operation of a hydraulic press best illustrates _.

A

conservation of energy

37
Q

Suppose you increase the height of the object WITHOUT changing its depth under water. What will happen to the force due to pressure on the bottom of the object?

A

The force due to pressure on the bottom of the object will increase.

38
Q

Suppose you increase the height of the object WITHOUT changing its depth under water. What will happen to the net buoyant force?

A

The net buoyant force will increase.

39
Q

Suppose you increase the depth of the object WITHOUT changing its height. What will happen to the force due to pressure on the bottom of the object?

A

The force due to pressure on the bottom of the object will increase.

40
Q

Suppose you increase the depth of the object WITHOUT changing its height. What will happen to the net buoyant force?

A

The net buoyant force will stay the same.

41
Q

On what factors does the buoyant force acting on an object depend?

A

Height of the object.

42
Q

When a load of wood is thrown overboard from a boat in a swimming pool, the pool level _.

A

remains unchanged

43
Q

A stone submerged in water displaces the _.

A

volume of water

44
Q

The pressure increases on a block resting on a table when you increase the _.

A

downward force on the block

45
Q

What will these objects do in water: an object denser than water, an object less dense than water, an object that has the same density as water.

A

Sink, float, neither float nor sink.

46
Q

A block of wood with a piece of iron tied to the top of it floats in a bucket of water. If the wood and iron are turned over so that the iron is submerged beneath the wood, the water level at the side of the bucket _.

A

remains the same

47
Q

The buoyant force on a floating object is _.

A

equal to the object’s weight

48
Q

How does the buoyant force on a submerged object compare with the weight of the water displaced?

A

The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the water displaced.

49
Q

Calculate the pressure a 50- N block exerts on the table it rests on if its area of contact is 50 cm2 .

A

P=1 N/cm^2

50
Q

When an ice cube in a glass of water melts, the water level _.

A

remains the same

51
Q

An object having the same density as water will _.

A

neither sink nor float in water

52
Q

How does pressure at the bottom of a body of water relate to the weight of water above each square meter of the bottom surface?

A

The pressure is the weight of the water divided by 1 m^2.

53
Q

How does the volume of a completely submerged object compare with the volume of water displaced?

A

The volumes are equal.

54
Q

The concept of pressure involves both _.

A

force and area

55
Q

If a weighted air-filled balloon sinks in deep water, it will _.

A

be acted on by a continuously decreasing buoyant force

56
Q

When scrap iron in a boat is thrown overboard in a swimming pool, the pool level _.

A

falls

57
Q

If you swim beneath the surface in saltwater, will the pressure be greater than in fresh water at the same depth?

A

The pressure will be greater.

PHYSICS 130 (7 decks)

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