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Kinesiology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Rectus Femoris Muscle

A

O: AIIS
I: Tibial Tuberosity (via the patellar tendon)
A: Hip Flexion and Knee Extension
N: Femoral Nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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2
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Vastus Lateralis Muscle

A

O: Linea Aspera
I: Tibial Tuberosity (via the patellar tendon)
A: Knee Extension
N: Femoral Nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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3
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Vastus Intermedius Muscle

A

O: Anterior Femur
I: Tibial Tuberosity (via the patellar tendon)
A: Knee Extension
N: Femoral Nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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4
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Vastus Medialis Muscle

A

O: Linea Aspera
I: Tibial Tuberosity (via the patellar tendon)
A: Knee Extension
N: Femoral Nerve (L2, L3, L4)

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5
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Semimembranosis Muscle

A

O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Posterior surface of Medial Condyle of Tibia
A: Hip Extension & Knee Flexion
N: Sciatic Nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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6
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Semitendinosis Muscle

A

O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Anteromedial surface of the Proximal Tibia
A: Hip Extension & Knee Flexion
N: Sciatic Nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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7
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Biceps Femoris

A

O: Long Head- Ischial Tuberosity
Short Head- Lateral Lip of the Linea Aspera
I: Fibular Head
A: Long Head- Hip Extension & Knee Flexion
Short Head- Knee Flexion
N: Long Head- Sciatic Nerve
Short Head- Common Fibular Nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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8
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Popliteus Muscle

A

O: Lateral Condyle of the Femur
I: Posterior Medial Condyle of the Tibia
A: Initiates Knee Flexion
N: Tibial Nerve (L4, L5, S1)

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9
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Gastrocnemius Muscle

A

O: Medial & Lateral Condyles of the Femur
I: Posterior Calcaneus
A: Knee Flexion & Ankle Plantar Flexion
N: Tibial Nerve (S1, S2)

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10
Q

What are the ligaments of the knee?

A
  • Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
  • Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
  • Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
  • Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
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11
Q

Where is the ACL located, what does it do, and in what position is it most tightened?

A
  • It attaches from the anterior portion of the tibia in the intercondylar area just medial to the medial meniscus and runs in a superior and posterior direction attach posteriorly on the lateral condyle of the femur
  • It keeps the tibia from being displaced anteriorly on the femur
  • It is most tight when the knee is extended
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12
Q

Where is the PCL located, what does it do, and in what position is it most tightened?

A
  • It attaches from the posterior portion of the tibia in the intercondylar area and runs superiorly and anteriorly to attach anteriorly on the medial condyle of the femur
  • It keeps the tibia from moving posteriorly on the femur
  • It is most tight when the knee is flexed
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13
Q

What is another name for the LCL, where is it located, what does it look like, and what does it do?

A
  • AKA Fibular Collateral Ligament
  • It attaches from the Lateral Condyle of the Femur to the Fibular Head
  • It is round and cordlike
  • It provides stability to the lateral side of the knee against medial to lateral forces
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14
Q

What is another name for the MCL, where is it located, what does it look like, and what else does it attach to?

A
  • AKA Tibial Collateral Ligament
  • It attaches to the Medial Condyles of the Femur and Tibia
  • It is flat and broad
  • Fibers of the medial meniscus attach to the MCL causing tearing of the medial meniscus when the MCL is excessively stressed
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15
Q

What is the Screw-Home Mechanism?

A

Since the Medial Condyle of the Femur is longer than the Lateral Condyle, during the last few degrees of extension, the Tibia Externally Rotates to allow the medial condyle of the femur to use all of its articular surface

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16
Q

What is the Q Angle?

A
  • AKA Quadriceps Angle, AKA Patellofemoral Angle
  • The angle from the Rectus Femoris to the Patellar Tendon
  • Measured from the ASIS to midpoint of the patella to the anteromedial portion of the ankle
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17
Q

What is the Patellofemoral Joint and what does it do?

A
  • It connects the femor to the patella

- It increases the mechanical advantage of the quadriceps muscle and protects the knee joint

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18
Q

What is the Tibio-femoral joint, what does it do?

A
  • AKA the knee joint

- It allows flexion and extension of the knee

19
Q

Is the Knee (tibiofemoral joint) a true hinge joint?

A

No, because it has a slight rotational (non-volitional) componant

20
Q

What is the largest joint in the body and is considered a synovial hinge joint?

A

The Knee

21
Q

What is Genu Varus?

A

When the ibia is positioned medially, moving the weight-bearing line medially and causing added compression to the medial side of the knee

22
Q

What is Genu Valgum?

A

When the Tibia is positioned medially, moving the weight-bearing line laterally and causing added compression to the lateral side of the knee
-Slight Genu Valgum of 13-18 degrees is considered normal

23
Q

Where are the Menisci located, what are they, what do they do, and which one is torn most frequently?

A
  • They are located on the superior surface of the Tibia
  • They are two wedge-shaped fibrocartilage discs
  • They absorb shock and deepen the relatively flat surface of the tibia due to them being thicker laterally than medially and because the the medial surfaces are concave
  • The Medial Meniscus is torn most frequently since it attaches to the MCL
24
Q

What are the biomechanics of the knee?

A
  • The Quadriceps are the prime movers for knee extension

- The Hamstrings are the prime movers for knee flexion

25
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Tibialis Posterior

A

O: Interosseus Membrane, Adjacent Tibia & Fibula
I: Navicular Bone & Most Tarsals & Metatarsals (Not 1st tarsal & metatarsal
A: Inversion & Assists with Plantar Flexion
N: Tibial Nerve (L5, S1)

26
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

O: Posterior Tibia
I: Distal Phalanx of 4 Lesser Toes
A: Flexes 4 Lesser Toes; Assists in Inversion and Plantar Flexion
N: Tibial Nerve (L5, S1)

27
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Flexor Hallicus Longus

A

O: Posterior Fibula & Interosseus Membrane
I: Distal Phalanx of Great Toe
A: Flexes Great Toe; Assists in Inversion & Plantar Flexion
N: Tibial Nerve (L5, S1, S2)

28
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Tibialis Anterior

A

O: Lateral Tibia & Interosseus Membrane
I: 1st Cuneiform & Metatarsal
A: Inversion & Dorsiflexion
N: Deep Fibular Nerve (L4, L5, S1)

29
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Extensor Hallicus Longus

A

O: Anterior Fibula & Interosseus Membrane
I: Distal Phalanx of Great Toe
A: Extension of Great Toe IP & MTP joints; Assists in Inversion & Dorsiflexion
N: Deep Fibular Nerve (L4, L5, S1)

30
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

O: Anterior Tibia & Fibula & Interosseus Membrane
I: Distal Phalanx of 4 Lesser Toes
A: Extends 4 Lesser Toes; Assists in Dorsiflexion
N: Deep Fibular Nerve (L4, L5, S1)

31
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Peroneus/Fibularis Longus

A

O: Proximal Lateral Fibula & Interosseus Membrane
I: Plantar Surface of 1st Cuneiform & Metatarsal
A: Eversion; Assists in Plantar Flexion
N: Superficial Fibular Nerve (L4, L5, S1)

32
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Peroneus/Fibularis Brevis

A

O: Distal Lateral Fibula
I: Tuberosity on Base of 5th Metatarsal
A: Eversion; Assists in Plantar Flexion
N: Superficial Fibular Nerve (L4, L5, S1)

33
Q

O, I, A, & N of the Peroneus/Fibularis Tertius

A

O: Distal Medial Fibula
I: Tuberosity on Base of 5th Metatarsal
A: Assists Somewhat in Eversion & Dorsiflexion
N: Deep Fibular Nerve (L4, L5, S1)

34
Q

What are the ligaments of the ankle?

A
  • Deltoid Ligament
  • Anterior Talofibular Ligament
  • Calcaneofibular Ligament
  • Posterior Talofibular Ligament
35
Q

Which ligament supports the medial side of the ankle?

A

The Deltoid Ligament

36
Q

Which ligaments support the lateral side of the ankle?

A
  • Anterior Talofibular Ligament
  • Calcaneofibular Ligament
  • Posterior Talofibular Ligament
37
Q

Which ankle ligament is injured the most?

A

The Anterior Talofibular Ligament

38
Q

What are the arthrokinetics of the Talocrural/Talotibial Joint?

A

Plantar Flexion and Dorsiflexion

39
Q

What are the arthrokinetics of the Subtalar Joint

A

Eversion and Inversion

40
Q

What is pronation of the foot?

A

When the foot turns out and the weight of the body is on the medial sides of the feet

41
Q

What is supination of the foot?

A

When the foot turns in and the weight of the body is on the lateral sides of the feet

42
Q

What is normal alignment of the spine?

A

Slight Lordosis of C and L spines, and slight Kyphosis of T and S spines

43
Q

What does the plumb line go through when viewing normal posture from the lateral view?

A

Through the

  • ear lobe
  • tip of acromion process
  • anterior to vertebral bodies of the T spine
  • through the vertebral bodies of the L spine
  • slightly posterior to the patella
  • slightly anterior to lateral malleolus

Kinesiology (6 decks)

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