Exam 2.4

Question 1

American Indian

Answer 1

lowest education and median income of any group, various tribes have distinct customs, languages, and beliefs, many share same cultural values, some conflict in some communities between medical/public health approach and approach used by healers

Question 2

Indian Health Services (IHS)

Answer 2

responsible for fed health services to natives, assist tribes in developing health programs, facilitate and assist tribes in coordinating health resources, provide comprehensive health care services, serve as a fed advocate

Question 3

Refugees

Answer 3

people who flee their homes from danger

Question 4

Immigrants

Answer 4

migrate from other countries to set up residence

Question 5

Aliens

Answer 5

people who were not born in a particular country

Question 6

Illegal aliens

Answer 6

enter a country without permission

Question 7

Concerns with immigrants

Answer 7

language/cultural barriers, poor, lower education levels, mismatch of work skills to economic needs, serious health problems, burden on healthcare, housing, education, etc.

Question 8

Race and Health Initiative

Answer 8

goal to eliminate disparities among racial and ethnic minority populations in 6 areas, infant mortality, cancer screening and management, cv disease, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, immunization

Question 9

SES

Answer 9

considered to be the most influential single contributor to premature morbidity and mortality

Question 10

Community organizing

Answer 10

Process by which community groups are helped to identify common problems or change targets, mobilize resources, and develop and implement strategies to reach their collective goals

Question 11

Grass-roots

Answer 11

A process that begins with those who are affected by the problem/concern

Question 12

Gatekeepers

Answer 12

Those who control, both formally and informally, the political climate of the community

Question 13

Coalition

Answer 13

Formal alliance of organizations that come together to work for a common goal

Question 14

Community building

Answer 14

An orientation to community through which people who identify as members engage together in building community capacity rather than fixing problems through the application of specific and externally driven strategies

Question 15

Task force

Answer 15

Temporary group that is brought together for dealing with a specific problem

Question 16

Program planning

Answer 16

A process by which an intervention is planned to help meet the needs of a priority population

Question 17

Needs assessment

Answer 17

The process of collecting and analyzing information, to develop an understanding of the issues, resources, and constraints of the priority population, as related to the development of the health promotion program

Question 18

Priority population (audience)

Answer 18

Those whom a program is intended to serve

Question 19

Best experiences

Answer 19

Intervention strategies used in prior or existing programs that have not gone through the critical research and evaluation studies and thus fall short of the best practice criteria

Question 20

Best practices

Answer 20

Recommendations for interventions based on critical review of multiple research and evaluation studies that substantiate the efficacy of the intervention

Question 21

Best processes

Answer 21

Original intervention strategies that the planners create based on their knowledge and skills of good planning processes including the involvement of those in the priority population and the use of theories and models

Question 22

Dose

Answer 22

The number of program units as part of the intervention

Question 23

Implementation

Answer 23

Putting a planned program into action

Question 24

Multiplicity

Answer 24

The number of activities that make up an intervention

Question 25

Evaluation

Answer 25

Determining the value or worth of an object of interest

Question 26

Formative evaluation

Answer 26

The evaluation that is conducted during the planning and implementing processes to improve or refine the program

Question 27

Impact evaluation

Answer 27

Focuses on the immediate observable effects of a program

Question 28

Outcome evaluation

Answer 28

Focuses on the end result of the program

Question 29

Standard of acceptability

Answer 29

Comparative mandate, value, norm, or group

Question 30

Summative evaluation

Answer 30

The evaluation that determines the effect of a program on the priority population

Question 31

Gag rule

Answer 31

Regulations that barred physicians and nurses in clinics receiving federal funds from counseling clients about abortions

Question 32

Categorical programs

Answer 32

Programs available only to people who can be categorized into a group based on specific variables

Question 33

BMI

Answer 33

ratio of weight to height squared

Question 34

Demography

Answer 34

Study of a population and those variables bringing about change in that population

Question 35

Median age

Answer 35

Age at which half the population is older and half is younger

Question 36

Older Americans act of 1965

Answer 36

Federal legislation to improve the lives of elders