Exam 2 Wrapper

Question 1

Life cycle of ustilago maydis

Answer 1

• teliospores (dikaryotic) form a basidia (meiosis of diploid nuclei)
• PHRAGMOBASIDIA
• basidiospores generated and released
• take up a yeast stage
• yeasts can undergo asexual budding or binary fission
• conjugation occurs when yeasts find opposing mating types (looks like an Xbox controller) and plasmogamy occurs
• infection hyphae extend out of one yeast of the conjugated structure
• infect kernels of corn, form galls
• dikaryotic hyphae of galls split into dikaryotic cells that are released
• cells undergo karyogamy and become teliospores

Question 2

Put Gastromycetes groups into Agaricales, Boletales, Geastrales, Phallales

Answer 2

Agaricales: puffball, bird’s nest
Boletales: puffball
Geastrales: earth stars, artillery
Phallales: stinkhorns

Question 3

Conidia

Answer 3

Asexual spores

Question 4

Stichic basidia

Answer 4

Holobasidia (not phragmo)
Found in the exobasidies, the one that’s not the tuning fork

Question 5

Classification of malasseziales

Answer 5

Within exobasidiomycetes within ustilaginomycotina

Question 6

Spermatogonia

Answer 6

Fish tail looking thing
Sexual
Form when basidiospores from wheat rust infect barberry plants on the upper side of the leaf
Produce spermatia (spores) that must find receptive hyphae of an opposing mating type on a different spermatogonium

Question 7

Tube between urediniospore and next round structure

Answer 7

Germ tube

Question 8

Round structure between germ tube and penetration hypha

Answer 8

Appressorium

Question 9

Round structure that penetration hypha leads to

Answer 9

Substomatal vesicle

Question 10

Cell between infection hypha and haustorium

Answer 10

Haustorial mother cell

Question 11

How asco life cycle differs from basidio

Answer 11

Primary growth phases mostly haploid
Asexual reproduction via asexual spores ( usually conidia)

Question 12

Taphrinomycetes

Answer 12

Leaf curl

Question 13

Pneumocystidiomycetes

Answer 13

In taphrinomycotina
Obligate extracellular parasites
Reduced genome

Question 14

Archaeorhizomycetes

Answer 14

In taphrinomycotina
Saprophytic potential seen in genome
No recognizable mycorrhizal structures
Have chlamydospores (hyphal swellings)

Question 15

Chlamydospores

Answer 15

Hyphal swellings
Survival structures, especially within soil
Seen in archeorhizomycetes in taphrinomycotina AND pezizomycotina

Question 16

Teleomorphs

Answer 16

SEXUAL STAGES
Produce asci and ascospores
Seen in pezizomycotina
- cleistothecium- enclosed
- perithecium- flask shaped
- apothecium- disc/cup shaped
- naked asci

Question 17

Anamorphs

Answer 17

ASEXUAL STAGES
In pezizomycotina
Conidiation

Question 18

Conidium

Answer 18

Mitotic/asexual spore

Question 19

Conideogenous cell

Answer 19

Cell that forms conidium

Question 20

Conidiophore

Answer 20

Bearing conidiogenous cells and conidia

Question 21

Conidioma

Answer 21

NOT ALWAYS PRESENT
Structure where conidiophores develop

Question 22

Word for colored conidia

Answer 22

Phaeoconidia

Question 23

Holoblastic conidiogenesis

Answer 23

Blastic (conidia forms first, then septa)
All layers of wall incorporated into the conidium

Question 24

Holothallic conidiogenesis

Answer 24

Hyphal compartment walled off then separated

Question 25

Pycnidium

Answer 25

Looks very similar to (sexual) perithecia: both flask-shaped
These produce conidiophores with conidia