Exam 2 Wrapper Flashcards
Life cycle of ustilago maydis
- teliospores (dikaryotic) form a basidia (meiosis of diploid nuclei)
- PHRAGMOBASIDIA
- basidiospores generated and released
- take up a yeast stage
- yeasts can undergo asexual budding or binary fission
- conjugation occurs when yeasts find opposing mating types (looks like an Xbox controller) and plasmogamy occurs
- infection hyphae extend out of one yeast of the conjugated structure
- infect kernels of corn, form galls
- dikaryotic hyphae of galls split into dikaryotic cells that are released
- cells undergo karyogamy and become teliospores
Put Gastromycetes groups into Agaricales, Boletales, Geastrales, Phallales
Agaricales: puffball, bird’s nest
Boletales: puffball
Geastrales: earth stars, artillery
Phallales: stinkhorns
Conidia
Asexual spores
Stichic basidia
Holobasidia (not phragmo)
Found in the exobasidies, the one that’s not the tuning fork
Classification of malasseziales
Within exobasidiomycetes within ustilaginomycotina
Spermatogonia
Fish tail looking thing
Sexual
Form when basidiospores from wheat rust infect barberry plants on the upper side of the leaf
Produce spermatia (spores) that must find receptive hyphae of an opposing mating type on a different spermatogonium
Tube between urediniospore and next round structure
Germ tube
Round structure between germ tube and penetration hypha
Appressorium
Round structure that penetration hypha leads to
Substomatal vesicle
Cell between infection hypha and haustorium
Haustorial mother cell
How asco life cycle differs from basidio
Primary growth phases mostly haploid
Asexual reproduction via asexual spores ( usually conidia)
Taphrinomycetes
Leaf curl
Pneumocystidiomycetes
In taphrinomycotina
Obligate extracellular parasites
Reduced genome
Archaeorhizomycetes
In taphrinomycotina
Saprophytic potential seen in genome
No recognizable mycorrhizal structures
Have chlamydospores (hyphal swellings)
Chlamydospores
Hyphal swellings
Survival structures, especially within soil
Seen in archeorhizomycetes in taphrinomycotina AND pezizomycotina
Teleomorphs
SEXUAL STAGES
Produce asci and ascospores
Seen in pezizomycotina
- cleistothecium- enclosed
- perithecium- flask shaped
- apothecium- disc/cup shaped
- naked asci
Anamorphs
ASEXUAL STAGES
In pezizomycotina
Conidiation
Conidium
Mitotic/asexual spore
Conideogenous cell
Cell that forms conidium
Conidiophore
Bearing conidiogenous cells and conidia
Conidioma
NOT ALWAYS PRESENT
Structure where conidiophores develop
Word for colored conidia
Phaeoconidia
Holoblastic conidiogenesis
Blastic (conidia forms first, then septa)
All layers of wall incorporated into the conidium
Holothallic conidiogenesis
Hyphal compartment walled off then separated
Pycnidium
Looks very similar to (sexual) perithecia: both flask-shaped
These produce conidiophores with conidia
