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Modalities > Exam 2: Ultraviolet and Anodyne > Flashcards

Exam 2: Ultraviolet and Anodyne Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three factors that affect the intensity of UV reaching the patient

A

power, distance, and angle of incidence

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2
Q

The (closer/further) the source is to the medium, the more intense the UV radiation will be on the patient

A

closer

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3
Q

The closer the angle of incidence is to (parallel/perpendicular) to the patient, the more intense the UV radiation will be

A

perpendicular

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4
Q

What are the effects of UV?

A

Erythema, Tanning, Epidermal Hyperplasia, vitamin D synthesis, Bactericidal

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5
Q

What does epidermal hyperplasia mean?

A

The epidermis grows so fast that it feels (like when you get a sun burn)

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6
Q

Erythema production is primarily from ____ and ___ with sensitization (PUVA)

A

UVB and UVA

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7
Q

True or False:

When erythema is present, you know damage has occurred

A

False, erythema will blanch so we know that no damage has occurred

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8
Q

How do we tell the difference between erythema and a burn?

A

Erythema will blanch, but a burn will stay red

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9
Q

Which vitamin does UV help produce?

A

Vitamin D

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10
Q

What is the primary clinical application for UV?

A

Psoriasis

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11
Q

When treating psoriasis, patients being treated with UV respond mostly to UVA + ______ (PUVA). However Narrowband ___ (311 to 313nm) is almost as effective and safer

A

psoralen

UVB

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12
Q

When treating psoriasis, patients being treated with UV respond mostly to___ + psoralen (PUVA). However Narrowband UVB (___ to ___ nm) is almost as effective and safer

A

UVA

311 to 313nm

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13
Q

What are the proposed mechanisms that are associated with treating psoriasis with UV

A

inactivates cell division
Inhibits DBA synthesis
Inhibits mitosis of hyperproliferating epidermal cells

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14
Q

___ is most commonly used to avoid erythema or tanning in regards to wound healing

A

UVC

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15
Q

UVC is most commonly used to avoid ____ or ____ in regards to wound healing

A

tanning or erythema

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16
Q

What are the proposed mechanisms that are associated with treating wounds with UV?

A

increased epithelial cell turnover
Accelerated granulation tissue formation
bactericidal
promotes sloughing of necrotic tissue

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17
Q

True or False:

The research to support the use of UV for wound healing is limited

A

true

18
Q

What are some contraindications of UV radiation?

A

direct contact with eyes, skin cancer, cardiac/liver/kidney disease, lupus, fever

19
Q

What are the precautions of UV radiation

A

*****don’t repeat UV until effect of previous dose have disappeared

photosensitivity, medications, recent x ray therapy

20
Q

What are adverse side effects that can occur with UV radiation

A

Burns, premature aging of skin, carcinogenesis, eye damage

21
Q

What does actinic mean

A

pertaining to sun damage

22
Q

How should minimal erythemal dosage (MED) be determined?

A

Exposed skin to be tested, place cardboard with four holes over the test area but cover 3 of the 4 holes. place the lamp to 60-80cm from test area. Turn on the lamp and after the appropriate time goes by, uncover each hole one by one

23
Q

During determining the MED, after ___ seconds, uncover the second hole.
After another ___ seconds, uncover the third hole
after another ___ seconds, uncover the fourth hole.
Finally, after another ___ seconds, turn off the lamp.
The treatment area should be observed for up to __ days

A 
120
60
30
30
4
24
Q

____ is the smallest dose of UV that produces erythema within 8 hours after exposure that disappears within 24 hours

A

MED

25
Q

When determining the MED, the appropriate UV exposure should turn red after ___ hours, but completely disappear after ___ hours

A

8; 24

26
Q

True or False:

When using UV radiation, only the patient should wear goggles

A

false, the PT should also wear goggles

27
Q

What is anodyne technology?

A

Monochromatic infrared energy

28
Q

Anodyne is a monochromatic infrared energy. What are the specific characteristics of “monochromatic”

A

A single wavelength of light (890nm) and is absorbed by hemoglobin

29
Q

Anodyne is a monochromatic infrared energy. What are the specific characteristics of “infrared”

A

invisible to the human eye and penetrates approximately 5cm

30
Q

Anodyne is a monochromatic infrared energy. What are the specific characteristics of “energy”

A

780 mw of power per therapy pad

photo-thermal energy (whatever that means)

31
Q

How does anodyne photo therapy work?

A

By releasing nitric oxide from hemoglobin.

32
Q

What is the purpose of nitric oxide in anodyne photo therapy

A

It is a neurotransmitter that is naturally released by the body. It causes vasodilation and angiogenesis when released. It also controls BP

33
Q

Nitric oxide improves pain through anodyne photo therapy directly and indirectly. How does it directly improve pain

A

it is a mediator of the analgesic effect of morphine

34
Q

Nitric oxide improves pain through anodyne photo therapy directly and indirectly. How does it indirectly improve pain

A

reduces inflammation, swelling, hypoxia, and ischemia

35
Q

Anodyne therapy is best used for gait and balance programs to reduce fall risks. By assessing fall risk issues, we look at medication, vision, and a somatosensory assessment called _______

A

semmes weinstein 5.07 monofilament

36
Q

The protocol for anodyne therapy is
___ minutes
___ times a week
__-__ treatments

A

30 minutes
3x
12-24

37
Q

What is the name of the instrument that shows a laser image of how much circulation is in a patients foot

A

moor scanning laser doppler

38
Q

True or False:

The darker the blue on an image of the moor scanning laser doppler means there is more circulation

A

False, the more circulation a patient has the more green to yellow/red a picture will be

39
Q

What are the contraindications of anodyne therapy

A

active malignancy, pregnancy, over topical heating agents

40
Q

True or False:

Anodyne therapy is safe to use over all implants, pacemakers, defibrillators, and has no affects on drugs

A

true

41
Q

many ___ ___ use anodyne therapy to improve circulation in “mushy heels that are starting to break down in patients who are bedridden

A

nursing homes

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