Exam 2: Cryotherapy and Thermotherapy Flashcards
What are the neuromuscular effects of cryotherapy
Elevates pain threshold and decreases sensation of pain Temporarily decreases spasticity and spasms Facilitates contraction in flaccid muscles
Neuromuscular Effects- Cold modalities elevate pain threshold and decrease sensation of pain due to the ______ mechanism and the slowing of ____ conduction velocity
gaiting, nerve
Neuromuscular Effects- Cold modalities temporarily decreases spasticity because _____ cooling can provide a window of 60-90 minutes for therapeutic activities
prolonged
Neuromuscular Effects- Cold modalities facilitates contraction in flaccid muscles but only a few _____ of cooling is appropriate. “____ ____” is not commonly used
seconds; quick icing
What are the metabolic effects of cold
Cold decreases local metabolic rate and can therefore slow inflammatory activity
What are the four main indications for the use of cryotherapy
inflammation, facilitation, acute edema, and pain control
When we use cryotherapy for pain control, what fibers are being blocked?
A delta
What are other general indications for cryotherapy
Symptom management of MS, spasticity, and crytokinetics/cryostretch
When you apply cryotherapy, what should you tell the patient to expect to feel
intense cold, burning, aching, and numbness
What are the advantages of cold/ice packs
Easy to use, inexpensive, time saver for PT, little skill needed, covers small and larger areas, can be applied to elevated limbs
What are the disadvantages of cold/ice packs
Pack is blocking the view of treatment area, packs may be too heavy, bad contact with contoured areas, longer time treatment than ice cup massage
Ice cup massages are used for (indirect/direct) contact with patients skin by making (small/large) overlapping circles for ______ minutes.
direct, small, 5-10
Controlled compression units are commonly used after _____ because they relieve pain, swelling, and blood loss. They also help the patient gain back ____
surgery, ROM
What temperature should controlled compression units be set at
10-15 degrees C 50-59 degrees F
If compression units are used intermittently, how often should the modality be applied
15 minutes every two hours
What two chemicals are vapocoolant sprays made from
ethyl chloride and fluori-methane
Vapocoolant sprays are often used to treat ____ __
trigger points
Vapocoolant sprays are applied in (parallel/perpendicular) strokes over affected muscles followed by (stretching/strengthening) of muscles
parallel and stretching
What are the contraindications for the use of cryotherapy
Cold hypersensitivity, cold intolerance, cryoglobulinemia, paraoxysmal cold cryoglobinuria, raynauds disease, over a regenerating peripheral nerve, or circulatory compromise
What is another term for cold hypersensitivity
cold-induced urticaria or hives
Which term is defined as precipitated/congealed blood proteins that impair circulation
cryoglobulinemia
What is the term used to describe hemoglobin from lysed RBCs shows up in urine
paraoxysmal cold cryoglobinuria
What are precautions of using cold modalities
over superficial nerves, over an open wound, hypertension, poor sensation/mentation, very young or very old patients
True or False: Therapeutic Heat is only superficial
False it can be deep too
What is the temperature range for therapeutic heat
40-45 degrees C 104-113 degrees F
(lower/upper) limit of temperature for therapeutic heat involves average basal metabolism
lower
(lower/upper) limit of temperature for therapeutic heat involves tissue damage
upper
_____ ____ is a heat modality that is only capable of raising the temperature of skin and superficial subcutaneous tissues
superficial heat