Exam 2 - Tissue Transplantation/Clinical Transplantation Flashcards
Name the two types of tissue transplantation.
1) Autograft
2) Allograft
What is the type of tissue transplantation that is a tissue of one patient from one part and transferred to another part of the same person’s body?
AUTOGRAFT
What type of tissue transplantation are burn victims?
AUTOGRAFT
Name the term that describes tissue transplantation from one person to another.
ALLOGRAFT
Which of the two tissue transplantation types is ALWAYS rejected?
ALLOGRAFT
ALLograft = ALways rejected
Which of the two tissue transplantation types survives?
AUTOGRAFT
Why does Autograft Transplantation survive?
Because its self to self and it is the same MHC molecules
Name the three types of rejection.
1) Hyper-acute rejection
2) Acute rejection
3) Chronic rejection
How many types of tissue rejection are there?
THREE
“HAC”
H - Hyper-acute
A - Acute
C - Chronic
T/F: Hyper-acute rejection is a huge concern in transplantation.
FALSE
-Hyper-acute rejection is not a concern now
Which of the 3 types of rejection is the MOST COMMON?
ACUTE REJECTION
When does Acute Rejection occur?
In weeks to months after surgery
T/F: Acute rejection can be controlled.
TRUE
Which of the three types of tissue rejection occurs from 1-2 years or 5-10 years later with no known cause?
CHRONIC REJECTION
When does Hyper-acute rejection occur?
24-48 or 72 hours after transplant
Why does Hyper-acute rejection occur?
Because hot receiving graft has pre-existing antibodies, T cells against the graft tissue - thus the attack occurs
-Prior screening helps
What is the type of transplantation that is tissue from one person to another?
Allograft
Name the 3 phases of tissue rejection.
1) Afferent Phase
2) Central Phase
3) Efferent Phase
Phases of tissue rejection = “ACE” = ?
A - Afferent
C - Central
E - Efferent
Which phase of tissue rejection is described by the following: -Migration of antigen grafted tissue to secondary lymphoid organ or lymphatic draining lymph nodes - in the process it is taken up by APCs, processed, presented to T cells (in context of MHC class II) and T cells differentiate
AFFERENT PHASE
T/F: In the Afferent Phase of tissue rejection, antigenic material from the graft travels in the lymphatics to the draining lymph nodes, where it sensitizes antigen-specific T cells.
TRUE
What cell type are graft antigens presented to?
CD4+ (helper T cells)
Which class of MHC molecules are graft antigens presented to T cells by APCs?
MHC Class II molecules
When tissue is grafted it has some molecules in it that are shed and those molecules are called what?
ANTIGENS
What does sensitized T cells mean?
It means that it has recognized antigen and that antigen is the one that has shed from grafted tissue
Which of the 3 phases involves the activation of immune effector cells?
CENTRAL PHASE
What are the immune effector cells that are activated in the Central Phase?
T cells, Macrophages, and others
In the Central Phase, what is occurring when examination of lymph nodes following graft occurs?
It reveals intense activity with an increased traffic of lymphocytes across the high endothelium of POST CAPILLARY VENULES
