Exam #2: The Respiratory System Flashcards
What does Surfactant do ?
Keeps the Alveoli open
Is a Lipoprotein that lowers the surface tension in the alveoli
__________ decreases the tendency of the alveoli to collapse ?
Surfactant
__________________ stretches the alveoli and promotes surfactant secretion ?
Deep breathing
When we don’t have enough surfactant, it causes ____________ to occur more quickly ?
Atelectasis
What does PaO2 stand for ?
Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood
What does PaO2 tell us ?
the amount of oxygen dissolved in the plasma
What is considered a Normal PaO2 ?
80-100 mmHg
- but patient is considered oxygenated if greater than 60mmHg
What does SaO2 tell us ?
The amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in comparison with the amount of oxygen the hemoglobin can carry
what lab value is known as “hemoglobin saturation” ?
SaO2
PaO2 and SaO2 are considered what type of results ?
LAB results
What does SaO2 = ?
arterial oxygen saturation
What is considered a Normal SaO2 reading ?
greater than 90%
What is the SpO2 also known as ?
Pulse Ox
What does the SpO2 measure ?
Oxygen saturation
What is considered the Normal Hemoglobin range ?
12-17
What lab result provides information about acid/base balance & oxygen and ventilation status ?
Arterial blood gas (ABG)
When is it best to obtain a sputum culture & sensitivity ?
Early morning
A __________________- is a procedure to visualize bronchi through a fiberoptic tube.
Bronchoscopy
What kind of sedation is given for a Bronchoscopy ?
Conscious sedation
When performing a Bronchoscopy, what do you want to monitor for the return of ?
the gag reflex
what kind of diet do you want to make sure a pt. is on prior to having a bronchoscopy ?
NPO
What position do you want to make sure the pt. is in when having a Thoracentesis ?
Sitting up right on the edge of the bed and leaning forward
What type of test is given for patients with Cystic fibrosis ?
Pulmonary Function Test (PFT)
What do Pulmonary Function Test’s measure ?
measure lung volume and air flow
How would you instruct a patient to perform a Pulmonary Function Test ?
- patient inserts mouthpiece
- takes a deep breath
- and exhales as hard, fast, and as long as possible
_____________________ is the amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after maximum inspiration ?
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
which age population is at higher risk for Influenza ?
Older adults
What type of vaccine should we advocate for in patients 50 or older ?
Flu vaccine
What are the 2 types of vaccines ?
- Inactivated
- Live attenuated
What type of influenza vaccine is given by injection ?
Inactivated form
Which type of Influenza vaccine is approved for pts. > 6 months ?
Inactivated form
Which type of Influenza vaccine can be given to high risk patients (Ex: Chronic medical conditions, Nursing home residents, immunocompromised, & pregnant women)
Inactivated form
What type of Influenza vaccine is given by nasal spray ?
Live attenuated
What type of Influenza vaccine can be given to nonpregnant, healthy people ages 2-49
Live attenuated
What is a Tracheostomy ?
Surgical incision into the trachea to establish an airway
With a Tracheostomy, What does an inflated cuff prevent the patient from doing ?
The Pt. can not talk
