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J2 - Med Surg > Ch. 5 - Chronic Illness and Older Adults > Flashcards

Ch. 5 - Chronic Illness and Older Adults Flashcards

1
Q

Define Acute Illness ?

A

Diseases that have a rapid onset and short duration

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2
Q

Examples of Acute Illnesses ?

A
  • Colds
  • Influenza
  • Acute gastroenteritis
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3
Q

Characteristics of Acute Illnesses ?

A
  • Usually self - limiting
  • Responds readily to treatment
  • Complications are Infrequent
  • After illness, person returns to previous level of functioning
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4
Q

Define Chronic Illness ?

A

Diseases that are prolonged and do not resolve spontaneously, and are rarely cured completely

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5
Q

Characteristics of Chronic Illnesses ?

A
  • Permanent impairments or deviations from normal
  • Nonreversible pathologic changes
  • Residual disability
  • Special rehabilitation required
  • Need for long-term medical and/or nursing management
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6
Q

_________ illnesses are found in ALL socioeconomic, ethnic, cultural, and racial groups ?

A

Chronic illnesses

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7
Q

Chronic illnesses are more common in who ?

A

Lower socioeconomic groups

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8
Q

What does the trajectory of Chronic Illness look like ?

A
  • Onset
  • Stable
  • Acute decline
  • Comeback
  • Stable
  • Crisis
  • Stable
  • Comeback
  • Stable
  • Downward decline
  • Dying
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9
Q

Diagnosis and acute phase/acute exacerbations of chronic illnesses are managed where ?

A

In a Hospital

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10
Q

Aside from diagnosis/acute exacerbations of chronic illnesses, where are all others phases of chronic illnesses managed ?

A

In the community

Ex: Home, Nursing home, Assisted living

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11
Q

Nurses should never assume patients with chronic illnesses knows what ?

A

How to care for themselves

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12
Q

_____________ needs may change over time as disease trajectory changes ?

A

Educational

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13
Q

What age group is considered a Young-Old adult ?

A

65-74 years of age

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14
Q

What age group is considered an Old-old adult?

A

85 years of age

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15
Q

What constitutes a Frail Older Adult ?

A
  • 3 or more of the following*
  • unplanned weight loss (> or = 10lbs per yr)
  • Weakness
  • Poor endurance and energy
  • Slowness
  • Low activity
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16
Q

Frail Older Adults can also be considered whom ?

A

Older persons that have physical or mental disabilities that may interfere with the ability to independently perform ADL’s

17
Q

Frail Older Adults are not directly related to ______, but it is a risk factor.

A

Age

18
Q

Frail Older Adults are especially at risk for what ?

A

Malnutrition and dehydration

19
Q

Fluid intelligence ___________ during middle age

A

Declines

20
Q

Crystallized Intelligence __________ with aging ?

A

Improves

21
Q

Vocabulary and verbal reasoning ________ with aging ?

A

Improves

22
Q

Spatial perception remains _________ or _________ with aging ?

A

Constant or Improves

23
Q

Synthesis of new information ___________ during middle age ?

A

Declines

24
Q

Mental Performance speed __________ during middle age ?

A

Declines

25
Q

Short-term recall memory ________ during old age ?

A

Declines

26
Q

Long-term recall memory remains ________ with aging ?

A

Constant

27
Q
  • Older adults may _____ or ___________ for health issues ?
A

Hide or Compensate

28
Q

With older adults, most accidents occur where ?

A

In and around the home

29
Q

In older adults, disease symptoms are often _________ ?

A

atypical

Ex: “Aching in the joint” may really be a broken hip

30
Q

In older adults what should you monitor for, in terms of medications ?

A

Polypharmacy

31
Q

What things should you do before conducting an interview with an older adult ?

A
  • Make sure they have all assistive devices
    (Ex: hearing aids, dentures, glasses)
  • Offer toileting before you start
  • May need to do interview in multiple small chunks to avoid fatigue
    ** Make sure to address the older adult ! DO NOT talk above them to other HCP or their families
32
Q

if possible, how should you interview an older adult ?

A

privately

33
Q

** Health care workers are mandated to report suspected or actual EM (Elder mistreatment) to Whom ?

A

Adult Protective Services

J2 - Med Surg (16 decks)

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