Exam 2 Study Guide Flashcards
What are some commonly used root words, prefixes and suffixes? Define each
Roots:
Broncho/pulmo: lungs
Gastro: stomach
Neur: nerve
Cardi: heart
Prefix
Ab: away from
Ad: toward or near
Hyper: above normal, high
Hypo: Below normal, low
Suffix
Ac: pertaining to
Itis: inflammation
Ology: study of
What are the 4 abdominal quadrants
Right upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Left upper quadrant
Left lower quadrant
Define the different planes
Frontal Plane: (coronal plane)
Sagital plane: (median plane)
Transverse plane: (horizontal plane)
Which body system filters, waste products out of the blood and removes them from the body
Renal/Urinary
What is aroebic and anaerobic metabolism
Aerobic is when oxygen is used to metabolize glucose ( more efficient )
Anaerobic is when glucose is metabolized without oxygen ( inefficient )
What does hypoxia mean?
Absence of oxygen or low oxygen
What is the medulla oblongata and how does it affect the respiratory system? 
It is the connection between the brain stem and the spinal cord. It affects the respiratory system, because it sends signals to the muscles that control respiration for breathing to occur.
What are the different parts of the nervous system?
The brain
The nerves
The spinal cord
What are the different components of blood in the function of each
Plasma: the fluid portion carries red and white blood cells dissolves wasteful carbon dioxide
Red blood cells : carry oxygen and carbon dioxide away from the cell
White blood cells : help the body fight, infections,
Platelets they help produce blood clots 
Where does gas exchange take place in our lungs and in our blood? What is it called?
The gas exchange that takes place in our lungs pulmonary respiration, and this takes place between the aveoli and circulating blood in the pulmonary capillaries
The gas exchange that takes place in our blood is cellular respiration which takes place between cells and circulating blood
What is the temporal bone?
The bones that form the base and sides the skull and also protect the temporal lobe of the brain
All bones of the skull
Parietal bone: part of the side top of the head
Frontal bone: front part of skull
Suture
Temporal bone
Occipital bone
Zygomatic bone : cheekbones
Maxilla: two fuse bones, forming the upper jaw
Orbit: bony structures around
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone: the nose
Sphenoid bone
Mandible : lower jawbone
Identified the spinal column, and all vertebrae
Cervical: neck has seven vertebrae
Thoracic : thorax ribs, upper back has 12 vertebrae
Lumbar : lower back has five vertebrae
Sacral : back wall of pelvis has five vertebrae
Coccyx : tailbone has four vertebrae
What are baseline vital signs and how often should you reassess?
Blood pressure respiratory rate and pulse
With an unstable patient reassess every five minutes
With a stable patient reassess every 15
What is a vagal response?
A sudden drop in heart rate and blood pressure
What is vasoconstriction and vasodilation
Vasoconstriction is when blood vessels tighten and vasodilation is when blood vessels get wider
What are the parts of secondary assessment
Physical examination
Patient history
Vital signs
Depending on patient comes in different order
What is OPQRST
O: onset
P: provocation
Q: quality
R: radiation
S: severity
T: time
What is sample
S: signs and symptoms
A: allergies
M: medication
P: pertinent patient history
L: last oral intake
E: events leading to the illness 
What are the parts of a reassessment?
Repeating primary assessment
Repeating and recording vitals
Repeating physical exam
Checking interventions
What is the jaw thrust when is it used
It’s when you move jaw forward without tilting the spine or neck. this is for when there is a suspected spinal injury
What is the head tilt chin lift maneuver and when is it used
When you tilt the head back and lift the chin use this when no spinal injury is suspected
What is hypoglycemia
Low blood sugar
What is hypovolemia
Low blood plasma
Different vitals signs and when to use
Pulse: responsive and unresponsive patients
Blood pressure: ascultation and palpitations
Skin: color temperature and condition
Respirations: rate and depth
Pupils: size and reactivity
Pulse oxemetry : when a patient is complaining about respiratory problems
What are the different skin signs and meanings of each
Color: How the skin looks
Temperature/condition: how does it feel
Differentiate active and passive breathing and the pressure each creates
Passive is exhalation the pressure it creates is positive
Inhalation is active and it creates negative pressure
What is alveolar ventilation
The amount of air that reaches the alveoli
What is compensated decompensated and irreversible shock
Compensated shock:Respiratory distress, decompensating shock is respiratory failure and irreversible shock is respiratory arrest
Medications we are authorized to use
Aspirin:swallowed
Oral glucose: oral
Oxygen: inhaled
Inhalers: exhaled
Epinephrine auto injectors: subcutaneous
Naloxene: intranasal
Nitroglycerin: sublingual
Rules of suctioning
- Always use appropriate infection control practices while suctioning.
- try limiting suction to no longer than 10 seconds at a time
- Place the tip or catheter where you want to begin the suctioning and suction on the way out.
Which body system produces sperm for reproduction
Make reproductive
Which body system produces eggs for reproduction, and provides an environment and nutrients for growing baby
Female reproduction
What system, ingest, digest, and absorbs nutrients for the body
Digestive
Which body system forms, protective barrier, and aids in temperature regulation
Integumentary
What system regulates, metabolic hormonal activities for the body
Endocrine
What system transports oxygen protects against pathogens and promotes clotting to control bleeding
Blood
Which system helps to maintain the fluid balance of the body and contributes to the bodies immune system
Lymphatic
Which system receives sensor information and coordinates the bodies response
Nervous
Which system pumps blood throughout the entire body, transports nutrients, oxygen and waste
Cardiovascular
Which system obtains oxygen, and removes carbon dioxide from the body
Respiratory
The system that has a skeleton that supports the body, forms blood cells, and stores minerals. Muscles produce movement
Musculoskeletal
Type of catheter tips pg 229-230
Rigid suction tip: allows you to suction the mouth and pharynx use on unconscious patients
