Exam 2 Part 3

Question 1

Coffee drinking spread from …

Answer 1

Turkey and Arabia to Europe

Question 2

This is the most popular stimulant in the world.

Answer 2

Caffeine

Question 3

caffeine is a _______ stimulant but as with any drug, excessive use leads to problem

Answer 3

mild

Question 4

tolerance occurs:

Answer 4

more and more cups required to achieve the same effect

Question 5

Generally how many cups of coffee per day result in dependence?

Answer 5

6

Question 6

Withdrawal symptoms from caffeine include:

Answer 6

headaches and sleepiness

Question 7

Caffeine use increases:

Answer 7

anxiety

Question 8

how does caffeine work in the brain

Answer 8

by blocking the receptors for adenosine, a natural brain chemical that causes drowsiness

Question 9

1 demitasse espresso=

Answer 9

200mg

Question 10

1 cup brewed American=

Answer 10

100mg

Question 11

1 can of red bull=

Answer 11

83mg

Question 12

1 Vivarin tablet=

Answer 12

200mg

Question 13

1 can Spike Shooter=

Answer 13

300mg

Question 14

Tabacco was introduced to _____ by ______

Answer 14

Europe

Christopher Columbus

Question 15

In the 19th and 20th cent. what was the original method of use of tobacco?

Answer 15

Smoking in a pipe

Question 16

When did cigarette smoking spread quickly in the US?

Answer 16

from 1920 to the early 70s

Question 17

this allowed for deeper smoke inhalation

Answer 17

milder tobacco strains

Question 18

In the 1920’s this was marketed to who

Answer 18

“Camel”

women, young people, and dieters

Question 19

What contributed to more people smoking cigarettes?

Answer 19

the invention of automatic cigarette rolling machine, free samples, recognition of economic value of tobacco crops, and the additive properties of nicotine

Question 20

What is the dosage of tobacco that is absorbed in the lungs from smoking a cigarette?

Answer 20

1mg

Question 21

What is the dosage of tobacco that is absorbed by the mucus membranes in the mouth from chewing tobacco?

Answer 21

4.5mg

Question 22

Physical Effects:

Nicotine disrupts…

Answer 22

neurotransmitter balance:
endorphines
dopamine
acetylcholine

Question 23

Nicotine does what to the body?

Answer 23

constricts blood vessels, raises heart rate, depresses appetite, produces a mild euphoria, and deadens senses

Question 24

________ of chemicals are released when tobacco is burned.

Answer 24

100s

Question 25

___ and ____ irritate tissues and _______ are known carcinogens

Answer 25

tar and heat

nitrosamines

Question 26

___________ ________ irreversibly binds to the hemoglobin of _____ ___ ___ which does what?

Answer 26

carbon monoxide
red blood cells
reduces ability to carry oxygen to the body tissues including the heart

Question 27

Heart disease from tobacco:

Answer 27

cardon monoxide accelerates the process of atherosclerosis

Question 28

what is atherosclerosis?

Answer 28

the hardening and narrowing of arteries supplying blood to the heart

Question 29

What are the percentages for lung disease and cancer?

Answer 29

85% of men and 75% of women with lung cancer smoke

Question 30

WHat is fetal effect?

Answer 30

less oxygen for the fetus due to carbon monoxide TF, leading to premature birth and low n=birth weight newborns

Question 31

What are some forms of smokeless tobacco?

Answer 31

moist snuff and loose leaf

Question 32

Absorption of nicotine takes longer with _____ than with _____.

Answer 32

smokeless than with smoked tobacco

Question 33

though absorption of nicotine takes longer with smokeless tobacco then with smoked tobacco;

Answer 33

more nicotine reaches the blood and increases in heart rate and bold pressure are more pronounced

Question 34

with the use of smokeless tobacco, lung cancer rates…

Answer 34

decrease

Question 35

Chewing tobacco;

Answer 35

increases levels of gum disease and increases rates of throat, mouth, and esophageal cancer.