Exam 2 note cards Flashcards
Between age 2-6 how much weight and inches will a child have gained
16 pounds
12 inches
True or False a childs BMI is at it’s lowest during ages 2-6
True- # of fat cells increase in utereo and after early chilhood 6-12. After 12 fall cells never change
By the end of early childhood (age 6) what is the average childs weight and height, and how much do legs take up of total height
3.5 feet tall
40-50 lbs
legs take up 1/2 of height
Is it normal for a childs appetite to decrease between 2-6
Yes it is normal, because they are not growing as much as they did as an infant.
Growth occurs in spurts so there are times of lots of eating and times of not a lot of eating
What allergies start to become present between 2-6
Milk, Soy, Tree nuts, Peanuts, Shellfish, Eggs, Fish
Children who are most at risk for obesity are children who…
Why?
Low income - cheaper foods are typically more processed and high in fat and sugar, parents are at work so there is less supervision over meals, less exercise because of unsafe neighborhoods
Food used as a reinforcement/ reward- conditions child to reward self with food as they continue into adulthood
High levels of stress- high cortisol triggets body to hold on to fat
What are 3 factors that put children at more risk for obesity
- Parents Obese
- More than 8 hours of TV per week
- Short sleep < 10.5 hours a night
What is a common nutrition deficit in children
Calcium Deficiany - homes steering away from milk, switch to juice or tree nut milk
What is a common nutrition excess in children between ages 2-6
High sugar - empty calories, bad for teeth, cavities, promotes bones density loss
Why is nutrition important for children ages 2-6
Important for brain developments, motor development, developing synapses
What nutritional needs help with brain development, motor development, and neuron communication
Iron, Iodine, DHA Fatty Acids, Folic acids, Zinc, Choline
Can the deficit in poor nutrition be reversed
No deficiancy can be irreversible
What is Food insecurity
No consistent and dependable supply of healthy food.
Food insecurity is not the same as hunger.
Food-insecure families are often able to avoid hunger by choosing cheaper, more filling types of food over more costly nutritious foods.
What are the effects of nurtient deficiencies
Poor Health 90% under 3
Time spent in hospital ( 1/3)
Issues with cognitive and behavioral development (76%)
A family is considered to be food insecure if they
Are unable to afford balanced meals
- Reduce the size of meals because of lack of money
- Reduce the quality and variety of their normal diet due to lack of money
When does a doctor worry about a childs growth on the growth chart
When it falls outside of the curve
When are baby teeth replaced by adult teeth by?
6-10
When are baby teeth grown in by?
20 teeth grown in by age 2.5
What order do babies teeth grow in
6 to 10 monthscentral incisors on bottom
•8 to 12 monthscentral incisors on top
•9 to 13 monthslateral incisors on top
•10 to 16 monthslateral incisors on bottom
•16 to 23 months cuspids on top and bottom
•13 to 20 monthsfirst molars
•24 to 32 monthssecond molars
When do permanent molars grow in
ages 6-7
Why is brushing teeth for babies important
Gum health Hold space for adult teeth Proper chewing Prevent baby teeth from falling out too early Proper speech
What makes brain gain weight as age increases
Increase in mylination in brain
What does increase in mylin do in brain
Helps speed up the communication between neurons which increases impulse control, reaction time, and speed of cognitive understanding
When is the Prefrontal cortex developed fully
Age 5
