Exam 2-Nervous System Organization Flashcards
1
Q
central nervous system (CNS)
A
- brain and spinal cord
- integrative and control center
2
Q
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
A
- cranial nerves and spinal nerves
- communication between CNS and the rest of the body
3
Q
Sensory (afferent) division
A
- not always conscious signal
- somatic and visceral sensory nerve fibers
- signals go to CNS
4
Q
Motor (efferent) division
A
- motor nerve fiber
- from CNS (effectors-muscles and glands)
5
Q
somatic nervous system
A
- voluntary (somatic motor)
- CNS –> skeletal muscles
6
Q
autonomic nervous system
A
- involuntary (visceral motor)
- CNS –> cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glands
7
Q
sympathetic nervous division
A
- fight or flight
- stress response
- mobilizes body systems during activity
8
Q
parasympathetic nervous division
A
- housekeeping
- conserve energy
9
Q
white matter
A
- myelinated axons (full of fat)
- nerves (peripheral)
- within CNS
10
Q
gray matter
A
- cell bodies
- dendrites
- synapse
- organized as nuclei
- brain cortex
11
Q
nerves
A
- bundles of neurons (axons) in PNS
- can be sensory, motor, autonomic, mix (2 way traffic)
- cranial: off brain (stay in head and neck); motor/autonomic; exception (vagus nerve)
- spinal: always mixed nerves
12
Q
(Hindbrain)
pons
A
- bridge (ascending/descending tracts)
- sleep, respiration (interacts with the medulla)
- lots of white matter
13
Q
(Hindbrain)
medulla oblongata
A
- coordinates many essential reflexes (swallowing, vomiting)
- regulation of heart rate and breathing rate
- opioids: analgesic (decrease pain); overdose (stop breathing)
14
Q
(Hindbrain)
cerebellum
A
- muscle coordination
- muscle feedback (proprioceptive)–> inner ear feedback
- balance and posture
- talking
- most sensitive to affects of alcohol
15
Q
midbrain
A
pathway for ascending and descending tracts
- auditory reflexes (turn towards sound)
- visual reflexes (pupil dilation, focusing)
