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A&P I > Exam 2 Joints > Flashcards

Exam 2 Joints Flashcards

1
Q

Classification of Joints

_____, immovable joint

A

Synarthroses

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2
Q

Classification of Joints

_____, slightly movable joints

A

Amphiarthroses

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3
Q

Classification of Joints

_____, freely movable joints

A

Diarthroses

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4
Q

3 Classifications of Joint Structure & Functionality
Cartilaginous joints; the articulating bones are united by cartilage, slightly movable

_____, is a bar or plate of hyaline cartilage that unites the bones

_____, the articulating surfaces of the bones are covered with articular (hyaline) cartilage

A

Synchondroses

Symphyses

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5
Q

Shoulder is 3 Different Joints

What are these 3?

A

sternoclavicular (SC); acromioclavicular (AC); glenohumeral

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6
Q

What is the joint that connects the sternum to the clavicle?

A

sternoclavicular (SC)

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7
Q

What is the joint of a separated shoulder; the joint which holds the clavicle down to the 1st rib?

A

acromioclavicular (AC)

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8
Q

Major adductor/adduction, _____, towards

A

Pectoralis Major (chest)

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9
Q

Major abductor/abduction, _____, away

A

Deltoid

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10
Q

Major extensor, _____, 3 heads

A

Triceps

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11
Q

?

Posterior wall, _____

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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12
Q

?

Anterior wall, _____

A

Pectoralis Major

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13
Q

?

Anterior wall, _____

A

Pectoralis Major

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14
Q

What is the most common type of shoulder dislocation?

A

Glenohumeral joint

Anterior, forward, abduction internal rotation
Inferior, down

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15
Q

_____ is the major nerve root of the shoulder and arm, C5 to T1

A

Brachial plexus

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16
Q

What is the most commonly fractured bone in the body?

A

the clavicle

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17
Q

What 3 bones make up the elbow?

A

humerus, radius, ulna

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18
Q

Major Ligaments of the Elbow
_____ collateral ligament, _____, on the inside

_____ collateral ligament, _____, on the outside

A

medial; ulna

lateral; radius

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19
Q

Medial Collateral ligaments prevent,

_____ stress, is an outside to inside stress, inward

A

Valgus

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20
Q

Lateral Collateral ligaments prevent,

_____ stress, is an inside to outside stress, outward

A

Varus

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21
Q

Lateral Collateral ligaments prevent,

_____ stress, is an inside to outside stress, outward

A

Varus

22
Q

_____, raps around the head of the radius and stabilizes the head of the radius, pivot point (allows you to pronate)

A

Annular Ligament

23
Q

The artery found at the elbow is the _____

A

Brachial Artery

24
Q

_____, front of the elbow, C5 nerve reflex, formed by the bicep, pronator teres, and the triceps; Median nerve is located here

A

Cubital fossa

25
Q

Major muscles at the Elbow
Bicep - flexor
Triceps - extensor

Muscles that flex your wrist, fingers and hands originate on the _____ side of your elbow

Muscles that extend your wrist, fingers and hands originate on the _____ side of the elbow

A

medial

lateral

26
Q

Major muscles at the Elbow
Bicep - flexor
Triceps - extensor

Muscles that flex your wrist, fingers and hands originate on the _____ side of your elbow

Muscles that extend your wrist, fingers and hands originate on the _____ side of the elbow

A

medial

lateral

27
Q

Wrist

What 3 bones make up the wrist?

A

radius, ulna, carpal bones

28
Q

What are fractures of the radius called?

A

Colles fractures

29
Q

What are fractures of the ulna called?

A

Smithe fractures

30
Q

What is the most commonly dislocated bone in the wrist?

A

lunate

31
Q

What is the most commonly fractured bone in the wrist?

A

scaphoid

32
Q

What are the most common fractures of the hand?

A

the 5th metacarpal; boxer’s fracture

33
Q

Fractures of the 1st metacarpal are called?

A

Bennett’s fractures

34
Q

What are the 3 joints of the finger?

A

MP (metacarpophalangeal)
PIP (proximal interphalangeal)
DIP (distal interphalangeal)

35
Q

What are the 3 joints of the finger?

A

MP (metacarpophalangeal)
PIP (proximal interphalangeal)
DIP (distal interphalangeal)

36
Q

Knee Joint
Hinge joint
The fibula is on the lateral (outside) of the leg

A 
The knee is made up of 4 bones;
Femur
Tibia (shinbone)
Fibula (small bone on outside)
Patella (knee cap; a sesamoid bone)
37
Q

Ligaments of the Knee
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL), inside, Tibial collateral ligament, prevents _____ stress (outward/inward stress)

Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL), outside), Fibular collateral ligament, prevents _____ stress (inward outward stress)

A

valgus (think “knock-knee”)

varus (think “bowlegged”)

38
Q

Intracapsular ligaments, are called _____, they cross each other, forming an X in the notch between the femoral condyles

A

cruciate ligaments

39
Q

____ ____ ligament (___), medial to lateral, inside, prevents the tibia from going forward

A

Anterior Cruciate; ACL

40
Q

____ ____ ligament (___), lateral to medial, major stabilizing unit of the knee, prevents tibia from going backwards

A

Posterior Cruciate; PCL

41
Q

Secondary ham string muscles are ___ and ___ (does knee and hip flexion)

A

gracilis, sartorius

42
Q

What is the longest muscle in the body?

A

sartorius

43
Q

_____ is the insertion of the sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus

A

Pes-anserine

44
Q

_____ is general fluid swelling

A

Edema

45
Q

_____ is swelling of a joint capsule

A

Effusion

46
Q

_____ is swelling of a joint capsule

A

Effusion

47
Q

Ankle Tendon

_____ (___), largest tendon in the body, attaches the gastrocnemius and the soleus to the heel

A

Calcaneal tendon; Achilles

48
Q

Fractures of the foot

  • March fractures
  • Jones fracture, fracture of the 5th metatarsal caused by the _____
  • Hallux valgus, bunion
A

Peroneal brevis

49
Q

Medial side of the ankle, inside, ligaments

? ligament, has 3 parts, helps prevent eversion sprains

A

Deltoid

50
Q

? and ? ___-fibular ligaments holds the tibia and fibula together

A

Anterior; Posterior; tibio-

A&P I (7 decks)

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