Exam 2 Bones

Question 1

Bones are the most rigid form of connective tissue

Are vascular or avascular?

Answer 1

vascular

Question 2

Bones will come from cartilage, mostly ?

Answer 2

hyaline cartilage

Question 3

2 parts of bone,
? external layer, mineral salts of the bone, dense bone
? (trabecular)

Answer 3

compact bone; spongy bone

Question 4

Bone Types
?, bone-forming cells, grab calcium
?, bone-resorbing cells, dissolve bone for calcium to go to the blood for use in the body
?, mature bone cell maintains bone matrix

Answer 4

Osteoblast; osteoclast; osteocyte

Question 5

Bone Types
?, bone-forming cells, grab calcium
?, bone-resorbing cells, dissolve bone for calcium to go to the blood for use in the body
?, mature bone cell maintains bone matrix

Answer 5

Osteoblast; osteoclast; osteocyte

Question 6

Bone is vascular, has channels through it
? canals; vertical/up/down
? canals; horizontal

Because they are porous if you fracture a bone, when the bone callus forms to heal it seals most of those channels

Answer 6

Haversian; Volkmann’s

Question 7

Center of bone
Spongy bone/Trabecular
- Within that area is a channel, marrow cavity
- Center of the bone

Answer 7

Marrow produces blood cells

Question 8

2 Types of Marrow
?, secondary producer; has lots of fats in it
?, primary producer of blood cells; spongy layer

Answer 8

yellow marrow, red marrow

Question 9

Bone Classifications
? Skeleton
Consists of bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulders and hip bones) that attach limbs to _____

Answer 9

Appendicular skeleton

Question 10

Bone Classifications
? Skeleton
Form the long axis of the body and includes the bones of the skull, vertebral column and the rib cage
Generally these bones are involved in protecting, supporting, or carrying other body parts

Answer 10

Axial skeleton

Question 11

Long bones are longer than they are wide

What is an example of a long bone found in the body?

Answer 11

humerus

Question 12

Short bones are cube-shaped bones that do not heal well

What are examples of short bones found in the body?

Answer 12

wrist; ankle

Question 13

_____ bones are bones that form in tendons

What is an example of one of these bones?

Answer 13

Sesamoid; patella

Question 14

Flat bones are thin, flattened bones usually with a bit of curve

What are some examples of flat bones?

Answer 14

skull, sternum, scapulae and ribs

Question 15

Flat bones are thin, flattened bones usually with a bit of curve

What are some examples of flat bones?

Answer 15

skull, sternum, scapulae and ribs

Question 16

Irregular bones have complicated shapes that don’t fit in any other preceding classes

What are some examples of irregular bones?

Answer 16

vertebrae; hip bones

Question 17

Structure of Long Bone Membranes
Periosteum
- Outer fibrous layer
- Inner osteogenic
- Richly supplied
- Secured
- Endosteum

Answer 17

Structure of Short/Irregular & Flat Bones

Question 18

Common types of Bone Imbalances
- ?, a disorder in which bones are inadequately mineralized

• ?, is a disease where bone reabsorption outpaces bone deposit
• ?, is a vitamin D deficiency
• ?, involves excessive and haphazard bone deposit and resorption

Answer 18

Osteomalacia

Osteoporosis

Rickets Diseaase

Paget’s Disease