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Systemic Pathology 2018 > Exam 2: Integument Glossary Terms > Flashcards

Exam 2: Integument Glossary Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Acantholysis

A

Loss of cohesion between keratinocytes d/t breakdown of intercellular bridges

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2
Q

Acanthosis

A

Thickening of the spinous layer (SS) of the epidermis

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3
Q

Acral

A

Distal part of extremities

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4
Q

Anagen

A

Phase of hair cycle in which hair synthesis takes place

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5
Q

Anaplasia

A

Lack of cellular differentiation and organization, a feature of neoplastic cells

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6
Q

Angioedema

A

Vascular reaction involving the deep dermis/subcutis and consisting of edema manifested as giant wheals and caused by dilation and increased permeability of capillaries (deeper version of urticaria)

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7
Q

Ballooning degeneration

A

Marked intracellular fluid accumulation in the cells of the epidermis

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8
Q

Blister (vesicle or bulla)

A

Localized collection of fluid usually in or beneath the epidermis

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9
Q

Bulla

A

Large blister >1 cm

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10
Q

Carcinoma in situ

A

Malignant neoplasm of epithelial origin that has not invaded through basement membrane

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11
Q

Catagen

A

Transition phase of the hair cycle between growth and resting phases

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12
Q

Comedo/comedones

A

Plug of follicular SC and dried sebum in a hair follicle that leads to follicular distension

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13
Q

Crust

A

Material formed by drying of exudate or secretion on the skin surface

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14
Q

Dematiaceous

A

Naturally pigmented black or brown mycelium or conidium

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15
Q

Dermatophytosis

A

Infection of the stratum corneum of the epidermis, hair, or claws with fungi of the genera Microsporum, Epidermophyton, or Trichophyton

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16
Q

Dermatosis

A

Non-inflammatory lesion of the skin

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17
Q

Dyskeratosis

A

Abnormal, premature, or imperfect keratinization

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18
Q

Dysplasia

A

Abnormal development - may be used in association with a congenital or inherited developmental anomaly or in association with an abnormality in maturation of cells within a tissue

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19
Q

Effluvium

A

Shedding of hair

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20
Q

Elastosis

A

Degeneration of dermal connective tissue leading to accumulation of elastotic fibers; sometimes seen with solar dermatitis

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21
Q

Epidermal collarette

A

Peripheral expanding ring of scale

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22
Q

Epidermolysis

A

Separation of the epidermis from the dermis

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23
Q

Epidermotropic/Epitheliotropic

A

Having a predilection to enter the epidermis or other epithelial structures as seen with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides)

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24
Q

Erosion

A

Loss of all or part of the thickness of the epidermis

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25
Eruption
Rapid development of skin lesion associated with redness
26
Eythema
Redness of skin due to congestion of capillaries
27
Exogen
Stage of the hair cycle where old hairs are shed
28
Fissure
Cleft or groove
29
Furuncle
Circumscribed, painful nodule (accumulation of pus) in the dermis secondary to follicular rupture
30
Furunculosis
Rupture of follicles usually due to inflammation, distension, and or trauma leading to entry of follicular contents into the dermis
31
Genodermatosis
Genetically determined disorder of the skin
32
Glabrous
Smooth skin, hairless skin
33
Hamartoma
Localized, tumor-like malformation of mature cells and tissues that includes normal components of the organ in which the hamartoma arises, but that is disorganized, present in excess and is sometimes larger than normal. Usually, one tissue element predominates (e.g. follicular hamartoma, vascular hamartoma) Not a true neoplasm as it involves the proliferation of more than one cell type and often includes the development of complex structures such as arteries or follicles
34
Hydropic degeneration
Intracellular fluid accumulation in cells of the basal epidermis
35
Hyperkeratosis
Histologic term for thickening of stratum corneum
36
Hyperplasia
Increase in number of normal cells
37
Hypotrichosis
Less hair than normal
38
Ichthyosis
Congenital skin disorder in which the skin is thickened by scales (hyperkeratosis) that can crack into plates resembling fish scales
39
Impetigo
Bacterial dermatitis characterized by pustules
40
Indolent
Slow growing, a term applied to persistent ulcers on the lips of cats, and sometimes incorrectly called “rodent ulcer,” a term from the human literature used to refer to ulcerated basal cell carcinoma.
41
Indurated
Hardening of the skin due to inflammation or fibrosis
42
Interface
Inflammation arranged in a layer close to and often obscuring the epidermal-dermal junction (interface), and with vacuolated (hydropic degeneration) and sometimes apoptotic basal cells; the inflammation can be mild (cell poor) or extensive (cell rich)
43
Intertrigo
Dermatitis that develops because of friction between apposing skin surfaces
44
Keratinocytes
Epidermal cells that synthesize keratin and comprise more than 90% of epidermal cells
45
Keratosis/keratoses
Uncommon to rare circumscribed papular, plaquelike, or linear focus of proliferative keratinocytes covered by thick stratum corneum; keratoses can be caused by sun exposure (solar or actinic keratoses) or can be idiopathic (lichenoid, linear, cannon [metatarsal bone] keratoses)
46
Langerhans' cells
Intraepidermal dendritic APCs
47
Lichenification
Thickening of skin with accentuation of skin creases due to marked acanthosis
48
Lichenoid
Confusing term that generally refers to a dense zone of dermal inflammation parallel to the epidermis usually without basal cell injury
49
Lichenoid dermatosis
Conventional term for uncommon to rare, often idiopathic, single or grouped papules, plaques, or papillomatous foci covered by scale, and histologically composed of epidermal hyperplasia, lichenoid lymphoplasmacytic dermal inflammation, hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis. The term dermatitis is probably better than dermatosis as inflammation is present in these lesions
50
Macule
Flat, circumscribed lesion of altered skin color
51
Melanin
Dark granular pigment produced by melanocytes that is responsible for the brown coloration of hair, skin, and other tissues such as the iris and choroid of the eye
52
Kerion
Intense focal folliculitis usually caused by a dermatophyte infection
53
Kerion
Intense focal folliculitis usually caused by a dermatophyte infection
54
Melanophage
Macrophage containing ingested melanin
55
Merkel cell
Neuroendocrine cell founding stratum basale
56
Mucin
Glycosaminoglycan (GAG), a normal component of the intercellular ground substance of the dermis, consists of protein bound to hyaluronic acid
57
Mycelium
Mass of hyphae
58
Mycetoma
Slowly progressive infection of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and sometimes underlying bone caused by traumatic implantation of actinomycetes (actinomycotic mycetoma) or fungi (eumycotic mycetoma)
59
Myxedema
Non-pitting edema of the skin because of abnormal deposits of mucin in the dermis
60
Nodule
Circumscribed, solid elevation of skin (>1 cm)
61
Onychodystrophy
Abnormal formation of the claw
62
Onychomadesis
Sloughing of claws
63
Panniculitis
Inflammation of subcutaneous adipose tissue
64
Papule
Circumscribed, solid elevation of skin (<1 cm)
65
Parakeratosis
Retention of pyknotic nuclei in epidermal cells of the stratum corneun
66
Paronychia
Inflammation of skin around claws
67
Pautrier's microabscesses
Localized intraepidermal collection of neoplastic lymphocytes characteristic of epitheliotropic lymphoma (mycosis fungoides)
68
Pemphigus
Group of cutaneous diseases associated with blistering
69
Phaeohyphomycosis
Mycotic disease caused by pigmented fungi (dematiaceous fungi) of a variety of genera and species that do not form sclerotic bodies or granules
70
Pigmentary incontinence
Melanin pigment within dermal macrophages or free in the dermis developing via injury to pigment containing basal layer cells
71
Plaque
Flat-topped, solid elevation in the skin that occupies a relatively large surface area in comparison with its height
72
Pruritis
Itching
73
Pustule
Small, circumscribed accumulation of pus within the epidermis or within a hair follicle
74
Pyoderma
Pyogenic (pus-producing) bacterial infection of the skin
75
Scale
Thin, platelike accumulation of stratum corneum on surface of skin
76
Seborrhea
Non-specific term for clinical signs of scaling, crusting, and greasiness. Primary seborrhea is a more specific term applied to inherited cornification disorders
77
Spongiosis
Intercellular edema which, by widening of the intercellular space and stretching of the “intercellular bridges,” creates a spongelike appearance to the epidermis
78
Telogen
Resting phase of hair cycle
79
Ulcer
Loss of epidermis and at least the superficial portion of dermis
80
Urticaria
Usually transient vascular reaction in the upper dermis consisting of edema manifested clinically as wheals (hives); a more superficial version of angioedema
81
Vesicle
Small blister within the epidermis or at/below the dermal-epidermal interface (<1.0 cm)
82
Vibrissa
Long, coarse hair located about the nose
83
Vitiligo
Acquired disorder characterized by circumscribed areas of depigmentation in the skin
84
Wheal
Smooth, circumscribed, slightly elevated area on skin caused by dermal edema

Systemic Pathology 2018 (12 decks)

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