Exam 2 Images: Liver - Dr. Dark

Question 1

Answer 1

Photosensitization d/t liver disease

Question 2

Answer 2

Extrahepatic cholestasis d/t gall bladder stones

Question 3

Answer 3

Cholestasis d/t pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Bile duct is wider than gallbladder

Question 4

Answer 4

Polycystic mucosal hyperplasia of gallbladder

Incidental finding - no cholestasis

Question 5

Answer 5

Biliary hyperplasia

Question 6

Answer 6

Polycystic kidney disease (upper right)

Frequently get cysts in liver also

Question 7

Answer 7

Chronic passive congestion - enhanced reticular pattern

“Nutmeg liver”

Causes: RHF/HWD, LSA, HCM

Question 8

Answer 8

Hepatic infarct

Rare

Causes: hypercoagulable state, sepsis, vegetative endocarditis

Question 9

Answer 9

Microvascular dysplasia

Oval cell hyperplasia - common with PSS, but don’t tell us about the shunt

Question 10

Answer 10

Extrahepatic shunt - PSS

Commonly see small liver on necropsy PSS

Question 11

Answer 11

Shunt vessels

Question 12

Answer 12

Hemangiectasia = dilation of blood vessels

Mostly incidental finding, but could rupture and cause hemorrhage

Underlying parenchyma normal

Question 13

Answer 13

Hepatic lipidosis

Yellow, reticular pattern

Other ddx: LSA

Question 14

Answer 14

Amyloidosis with rupture - accumulation of abnormal proteins

Yellow + reticular pattern, but not fatty liver - rarely ruptures

Question 15

Answer 15

Cirrhosis - chornic fibrosis + nodular hyperplasia

Causes: copper toxicosis, PA toxins, aflatoxins, anti-convulsants, chornic passive congestion, underlying abscesses, neoplasia

Question 16

Answer 16

Cirrhosis

Nodule of hepatocytes surrounded by fibrosis

Causes: copper toxicosis, PA toxins, aflatoxins, anti-convulsants, chornic passive congestion, underlying abscesses, neoplasia

Question 17

Answer 17

Cirrhosis

Causes: copper toxicosis, PA toxins, aflatoxins, anti-convulsants, chornic passive congestion, underlying abscesses, neoplasia

Question 18

Answer 18

Cholangiohepatitis

Inflammation of liver and bile acids

Probably due to ascending infection

Question 19

Answer 19

Rumen acidosis that lead to liver necrosis

Note ulceration and fibrosis of liver

Bacteria transported from ulcer in rumen to liver > abscess and necrosis

Question 20

Answer 20

Necrobacillosis in ruminant

Looks similar to TB

Question 21

Answer 21

Tuberculosis

Non-human primates

Question 22

Answer 22

Liver abscess d/t ascedning umbilical infection in puppy

Question 23

Answer 23

Leptospirosis

Question 24

Answer 24

Adenovirus

Pale pink liver, blue corneal edema

Other causes: anemia, ischemia, WBC (diffuse inflammation)

Question 25

Answer 25

Granulomatous inflammation and nodules/plaques d/t FIP

Lesions usually follow blood vessels

Question 26

Answer 26

Centrilobular to mid-zonal then massive hepatocellular necrosis

Question 27

Answer 27

Fibrosis + biliary hyperplasia d/t pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Question 28

Answer 28

LSA

Yellow + enhanced reticular pattern, hepatomegaly (round edges)

Question 29

Answer 29

Hepatocellular adenoma = hepatoma

Question 30

Answer 30

Biliary adenocarcinoma

Center of masses sunken in = umbilication, most common with biliary cancer

Fast growing masses - necrosis inside

Question 31

Answer 31

Capsular fibroisis of liver d/t parasite migration

“Milk spot liver” - incidental finding

Question 32

Answer 32

Biliary cystic adenoma

Can be d/t polycystic kidney disease: PKD1 gene putation

Question 33

Answer 33

Chronic passive congestion

“Nutmeg liver”

Question 34

Answer 34

Steroid hepatopathy

Mid-zonal accumulation of glycogen

Doesn’t cause liver disease

Question 35

Answer 35

Hepatic lipidosis

Question 36

Answer 36

Cirrhosis

Fibrosis + nodular regeneration

Question 37

Answer 37

Tension lipidosis d/t tension from the diaphragmatic attachment

Not pathologic

More common in ruminants

Question 38

Answer 38

Post-mortem decomposition

Question 39

Answer 39

Hepatoma

Question 40

Answer 40

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 41

Answer 41

Cholestasis secondary to biliary hyperplasia + portal fibrosis

Commonly seen with pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicity

Question 42

Answer 42

Copper toxicity

Tends to be centrilobular

Common in Bedlington Terriers, sheep

Question 43

Answer 43

Periportal

Causes: specific toxins

Question 44

Answer 44

Midzonal

Causes: glycogen accumulation d/t steroid hepatopathy (not damage)

VERY RARE

Question 45

Answer 45

Random

Causes: blood borne - vrius, MET neoplasia

Question 46

Answer 46

Centrilobular

Causes: ischemia (anemic patient), CCl4 toxin

Question 47

Answer 47

Massive

(Entire lobule, not liver)

Causes: blue-green algae toxin in dogs