Exam 2 Images: Liver - Dr. Dark Flashcards
Photosensitization d/t liver disease
Extrahepatic cholestasis d/t gall bladder stones
Cholestasis d/t pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Bile duct is wider than gallbladder
Polycystic mucosal hyperplasia of gallbladder
Incidental finding - no cholestasis
Biliary hyperplasia
Polycystic kidney disease (upper right)
Frequently get cysts in liver also
Chronic passive congestion - enhanced reticular pattern
“Nutmeg liver”
Causes: RHF/HWD, LSA, HCM
Hepatic infarct
Rare
Causes: hypercoagulable state, sepsis, vegetative endocarditis
Microvascular dysplasia
Oval cell hyperplasia - common with PSS, but don’t tell us about the shunt
Extrahepatic shunt - PSS
Commonly see small liver on necropsy PSS
Shunt vessels
Hemangiectasia = dilation of blood vessels
Mostly incidental finding, but could rupture and cause hemorrhage
Underlying parenchyma normal
Hepatic lipidosis
Yellow, reticular pattern
Other ddx: LSA
Amyloidosis with rupture - accumulation of abnormal proteins
Yellow + reticular pattern, but not fatty liver - rarely ruptures
Cirrhosis - chornic fibrosis + nodular hyperplasia
Causes: copper toxicosis, PA toxins, aflatoxins, anti-convulsants, chornic passive congestion, underlying abscesses, neoplasia
Cirrhosis
Nodule of hepatocytes surrounded by fibrosis
Causes: copper toxicosis, PA toxins, aflatoxins, anti-convulsants, chornic passive congestion, underlying abscesses, neoplasia
Cirrhosis
Causes: copper toxicosis, PA toxins, aflatoxins, anti-convulsants, chornic passive congestion, underlying abscesses, neoplasia
Cholangiohepatitis
Inflammation of liver and bile acids
Probably due to ascending infection
Rumen acidosis that lead to liver necrosis
Note ulceration and fibrosis of liver
Bacteria transported from ulcer in rumen to liver > abscess and necrosis
Necrobacillosis in ruminant
Looks similar to TB
Tuberculosis
Non-human primates
Liver abscess d/t ascedning umbilical infection in puppy
Leptospirosis
Adenovirus
Pale pink liver, blue corneal edema
Other causes: anemia, ischemia, WBC (diffuse inflammation)
Granulomatous inflammation and nodules/plaques d/t FIP
Lesions usually follow blood vessels
Centrilobular to mid-zonal then massive hepatocellular necrosis
Fibrosis + biliary hyperplasia d/t pyrrolizidine alkaloids
LSA
Yellow + enhanced reticular pattern, hepatomegaly (round edges)
Hepatocellular adenoma = hepatoma
Biliary adenocarcinoma
Center of masses sunken in = umbilication, most common with biliary cancer
Fast growing masses - necrosis inside
Capsular fibroisis of liver d/t parasite migration
“Milk spot liver” - incidental finding
Biliary cystic adenoma
Can be d/t polycystic kidney disease: PKD1 gene putation
Chronic passive congestion
“Nutmeg liver”
Steroid hepatopathy
Mid-zonal accumulation of glycogen
Doesn’t cause liver disease
Hepatic lipidosis
Cirrhosis
Fibrosis + nodular regeneration
Tension lipidosis d/t tension from the diaphragmatic attachment
Not pathologic
More common in ruminants
Post-mortem decomposition
Hepatoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Cholestasis secondary to biliary hyperplasia + portal fibrosis
Commonly seen with pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicity
Copper toxicity
Tends to be centrilobular
Common in Bedlington Terriers, sheep
Periportal
Causes: specific toxins
Midzonal
Causes: glycogen accumulation d/t steroid hepatopathy (not damage)
VERY RARE
Random
Causes: blood borne - vrius, MET neoplasia
Centrilobular
Causes: ischemia (anemic patient), CCl4 toxin
Massive
(Entire lobule, not liver)
Causes: blue-green algae toxin in dogs
