exam 2 (infection and prevention)

Question 1

– bacteria that require oxygen for survival

Answer 1

Aerobic

Question 2

– bacteria that thrive where little or no free oxygen is available

Answer 2

Anaerobic

Question 3

– reproduction of bacteria

Answer 3

Bacteriostasis

Question 4

– a temperature or chemical that destroys bacteria

Answer 4

Bactericidal

Question 5

– if clinical signs and symptoms of the pathogen are not present

Answer 5

Asymptomatic

Question 6

– absence of pathogenic microorganisms

Answer 6

Asepsis

Question 7

• respiratory hygiene

Answer 7

Cough etiquette

Question 8

– if an infectious disease can be transmitted directly from one person to another

Answer 8

Communicable disease

Question 9

– is the presence and growth of microorganisms within a host but without tissue invasion or damage

Answer 9

Colonization

Question 10

– describes a process that eliminates many or all microorganisms with the exception of bacterial spores, from inanimate objects

Answer 10

Disinfection

Question 11

• swelling

Answer 11

Edema

Question 12

– a general tem that applies to four techniques: hand washing, antiseptic hand wash, antiseptic hand rub, or surgical hand antisepsis

Answer 12

Hand Hygiene

Question 13

– what forms scars

Answer 13

Granulation tissue

Question 14

– fluid and cells that are discharged from cells or blood vessels

Answer 14

Exudates

Question 15

– comes from microorganisms found outside the individual

Answer 15

Exogenous infection

Question 16

– study of cause and effect

Answer 16

Epidemiology

Question 17

– occurs when part of the patient’s flora becomes altered and an over-growth results

Answer 17

Endogenous infection

Question 18

– caused by an invasive diagnostic or therapeutic procedure

Answer 18

Iatrogenic infection

Question 19

– result from the delivery of health care services in a healthcare facility

Answer 19

Healthcare Associated Infection

Question 20

– hand hygiene, barrier techniques, and routine environmental cleaning

Answer 20

Medical Asepsis

Question 21

– confined area

Answer 21

Localized

Question 22

– tending to spread prolifically and undesirable or harmful

Answer 22

Invasive

Question 23

– harmful microorganisms that cause disease

Answer 23

Pathogens

Question 24

– bacteria that have become resistant to more than one class of antimicrobial agents; normal antibiotics are useless

Answer 24

Multidrug resistant organism

Question 25

– microorganisms that normally reside on the surface or deep layers of the skin

Answer 25

Normal Floras

Question 26

– containing white blood cells and bacteria

Answer 26

Purulent

Question 27

• dead

Answer 27

Necrotic

Question 28

– a place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and await transfer to a susceptible host

Answer 28

Reservoir

Question 29

• are a set of infection control practices used to prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact with blood, body fluids, non-intact skin (including rashes), and mucous membranes

Answer 29

Standard precautions

Question 30

• clear

Answer 30

Serous

Question 31

– containing red blood cells

Answer 31

Sanguineous

Question 32

– an area free of microorganisms and prepared to receive sterile items

Answer 32

Sterile Field

Question 33

– prevents contamination of an open wound, serves to isolate an operative area from the unsterile environment, and maintains a sterile field for surgery

Answer 33

Surgical asepsis

Question 34

– a secondary infection usually caused by an opportunistic pathogen

Answer 34

Suprainfection

Question 35

– causing the production of pus

Answer 35

Suppurative

Question 36

– eliminates or destroys all forms of microbial life, including spores

Answer 36

Sterilization

Question 37

– if the pathogens multiply and cause clinical signs and symptoms

Answer 37

Symptomatic

Question 38

– an organism, typically a biting insect or tick, that transmits disease or parasite from one animal or plant to another

Answer 38

Vector

Question 39

– ability to produce disease

Answer 39

Virulence

Question 40

Stages of infection:

Answer 40

Incubation period - no signs or symptoms
Prodromal period - vague general symptoms; most contagious
Illness stage - signs and symptoms are specific to infection
Convalescence stage - when acute symptoms disappear