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NUR 112 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Professional nursing roles include: _______, __________, __________-, __________, and _______.

A

autonomy/accountability, caregiver, advocator, educator, and communicator

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2
Q

________ is the protection, promotion, optimization of health and abilities

A

nursing

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3
Q

the ______ is the philosophical ideals of right and wrong that define the principals you use to take care of patients

A

code of ethics

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4
Q

_______ is the initiation of independence

A

autonomy

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5
Q

as a _____ you help patients maintain and regain health

A

caregiver

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6
Q

as a _________ you protect you patient’s human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights

A

patient advocate

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7
Q

as an _____ you explain concepts and facts about health, and describe the reason for routine care activities

A

educator

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8
Q

your effectiveness as a _______ allows you to know your patients

A

communicator

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9
Q

______- describes the study of all the genes in a person and how the person and the genes react to the environment

A

genomics

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10
Q

the levels of care are demonstrated by a critical thinking model known as the nursing process: _______ _______ ________ _______ ________

A

assessment, diagnosis, planning, implantation, evaluation

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11
Q

the ______________ addresses the challenge to prepare nurses with the competencies needed to continuously improve the quality of care in their work environments

A

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)

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12
Q

_________ involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, hospitals, or other organizations

A

continuing education

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13
Q

_______ programs are instruction or training provided by a health care agency

A

in service education

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14
Q
  • the stage after pyrexia has broken and the body begins to return to normal temperature
A

Afebrile

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15
Q
  • the place that the apex of a heart pulse is felt
A

Apical pulse

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16
Q
  • temporary cessation of breathing
A

Apnea

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17
Q
  • the force exerted on the wall of an artery by the pulling of blood from the heart 120/80 is normal
A

Blood pressure

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18
Q
  • a slow heat rate below 60 bmp in adults
A

Bradycardia

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19
Q
  • the relative constant temperature of the internal human body which is 98.6F
A

Core temperature

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20
Q
  • visible perspiration on the forehead or thorax. For each hour in exercise, 1/2 to 2L of water can be lost through sweat
A

Diaphoresis

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21
Q
  • the minimal pressure exerted against artery walls at all times
A

Diastolic pressure

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22
Q
  • ventilation of the lungs
A

Eupnea

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23
Q
  • the transfer of heat energy when a liquid is changed to a gas
A

Evaporation

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24
Q
  • also called pyrexia occurs when heat loss mechanisms are unable to keep up with heat production resulting in abnormal body temperature
A

Fever

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25
Q
  • the most common problem with BP; is assorted with the thickening and loss of elasticity of the artery walls; Hg systolic 120 - 139 mm Hg
A

Hypertension

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26
Q
  • an elevated body temperature due to an inability of the body to promote heat loss
A

Hyperthermia

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27
Q
  • is present when the systolic BP falls to 90mm Hg or below 

A

Hypotension

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28
Q
  • heat loss during prolonged exposure to the cold that overwhelms the body’s ability to produce heat
A

Hypothermia

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29
Q
  • abnormal low concentration of oxygen in the blood
A

Hypoxemia

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30
Q
  • occurs when a normotensive person develops symptoms and a drop in systolic pressure by at least 20mm Hg or a drop in diastolic by at least 20mm Hg within 3 min of standing up right
A


Orthostatic hypotension

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31
Q


- the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure

A

Pulse Pressure

32
Q
  • the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin molecules >95%
A

Oxygen saturation

33
Q
  • an inefficient contraction of the heart that fails to transmit a pulse wave to the peripheral pulse site
A

Pulse Deficit

34
Q
  • occurs when heat loss mechanisms are unable to keep up with heat production resulting in abnormal body temperature
A

Pyrexia

35
Q
  • involuntary response to temperature differences in the body; it can increase heat production by 4 to 5 times normal
A

Shivering

36
Q
  • device to measure blood pressure; includes a pressure manometer, an occlusive cuff that encompasses a rubber bladder, and a pressure bulb with a release valve
A

Sphygmomanometer

37
Q
  • the peak of the blood pressure when ejecting from the heart 

A

Systolic blood pressure

38
Q
  • an abnormal elevated heart rate above 100 bpm in adults 

A

Tachycardia

39
Q
  • abnormal rapid breathing >20 breaths per min
A

Tachypnea

40
Q

What are Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

A 
oxygen , fluids, nutrition, body temp, elemation, shelter, sex
Physical safety, psychological safety 
Love and belonging 
Self esteem 
Self actualization
41
Q
  • activities related to maintaining, attaining, or regaining good health and preventing illness
A

Positive health behaviors

42
Q
  • practices that are potentially harmful to health
A

Negative health behaviors

43
Q
  • emotional and spiritual well being and other dimensions of an individual to be important aspects of health
A

Holistic health model

44
Q
  • activities such as routine exercise that help patients maintain or enhance their present lives
A

Health Promotion

45
Q
  • strategies that help people achieve a new understanding and control of their lives
A

Wellness

46
Q
  • activities such as immunization programs that help protect patients from actual threats to health
A

Illness Prevention

47
Q
  • individuals gain from the activities of others without doing any action
A

Passive Strategies of Health Promotion

48
Q
  • individuals adopt specific health programs
A

Active Strategies of Health Promotion

49
Q
  • is applied to patients that are considered healthy; aimed at health promotion includes educational programs, immunizations, nutritional programs, and physical fitness
A

Primary Prevention

50
Q
  • focuses on people who are experiencing health problems; activities are directed at diagnosis and treatment and allowing the patient to return to a normal life
A

Secondary Prevention

51
Q
  • when a disability is permanent or irreversible; activities are directed at rehabilitation and minimizing the effects of the disease or problem
A

Tertiary prevention

52
Q
  • variables or situations that increase vulnerability of an individual to an illness or accident
A

Risk factors

53
Q

Risk factors include:

A

Genes
Age
Environment
Lifestyle

54
Q

Stages of changing Health Behaviors:

A

Precontemplation - not contemplating change
Contemplation - thinking of change in six months
Preparation - preparing to make changes
Action - making the change
Maintenance - maintaining the change

55
Q
  • a state in which a person’s physical, emotional social or developmental functioning is diminished
A

Illness

56
Q

-short duration illness

A

Acute illness

57
Q
  • illness that persists longer than six months
A

Chronic illness

58
Q

_______ is an essential skill that involves the interpretation of a patients needs, concerns, or health problems and the decisions to make

A

Clinical Judgement

59
Q

_______ is the ability to think in a systematic and logical manner

A

Critical thinking

60
Q
  • purposeful thinking back or recalling a situation to discover its purpose or meaning
A

Reflection

61
Q

Three levels of the critical thinking model:

A

basis, complex and commitment

62
Q
  • a learner trusts that the experts have the correct answers; based on a set of rules or principles
A

Basic Critical Thinking

63
Q
  • a person’s thinking abilities and initiative to look beyond expert opinion and begin to make decisions more independently
A

Complex Critical Thinking

64
Q
  • anticipating when to make decisions and accepting accountability for your actions
A

Commitment

65
Q

Steps of the Scientific method:

A 
Identify problem
Collect data 
Formulate hypothesis
Test hypothesis
Evaluate results
66
Q
  • evaluating a situation over time, identifying solutions, trying solution to prove its effectiveness
A

Problem solving

67
Q
  • product of critical thinking that focuses on problem resolution
A

Decision making

68
Q
  • process of drawing conclusion based on related pieces of evidence or previous experience with the evidence
A

Inference

69
Q
  • choosing the options for the best patient outcomes on the basis of a patient’s condition and priority of the problem
A

Clinical Decision Making

70
Q
  • information that you obtain through the use of the senses
A

Cue

71
Q

Subjective Data is ___________

A

Verbal description of a health problem

72
Q

Objective Data is ________

A

Observations or measurements about a patient’s health

73
Q

Things to keep in mind for a patient centered interview

The four C’s of communication

A

Courtesy
Comfort
Connection
Confirmation

74
Q

What is the purpose for a physical examination?

A

Gather a baseline data
Identify and confirm a diagnosis
Make clinical decision
Evaluate the outcome of care

75
Q

The _________ is a systematic approach for collecting subjective information about a patient

A

Review of Systems

76
Q

______ is defined as freedom from psychological and physical injury

A

Safety

NUR 112 (11 decks)

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