Exam 2 - Contraception Flashcards
what are permanent techniques for controlling reproduction
ovariectomy – LA
ovariohysterectomy – SA
tubal (oviductal) ligation
ovary-sparing spay in dogs
pros of an ovariohysterectomy
permanent
prevents ovary & uterine disease
reduced risk of mammary neoplasia if spayed prior to 3rd heat
cons of an ovariohysterectomy
obesity
urinary incontinence
pros of an ovary-sparing spay in a dog
permanent
prevents uterine disease
may have long term health benefits (less ortho, behavior, increased lifespan)
what are non-surgical techniques (contraception)
behavior control
mechanical methods
pharmacological agents
what progestins can you use in horses
Altrenogest (regumate)
what progestins can you use in dogs
Megestrol acetate (ovaban)
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (depo-provera)
GnRH agonist MOA
down-regulates anterior pituitary to decrease LH and FSH preventing follicular development and ovulation
requires large doses and prolonged delivery
GnRH agonist used in dogs
Deslorelin (suprelorin)
GnRH antagonists MOA and examples
Detirelix acetate
binds GnRH receptors, preventing synthesis/secretion of LH and FSH
GnRH vaccine MOA
small peptide hormone - must be bound to large molecule to make it immunogenic (KLH or BSA)
anti-GnRH antibodies bind to circulating GnRH in portal system preventing it from binding to receptors on pituitary gonadotroph cells blocking LH and FSH production = no estrus or ovulation
what is the difference between the GnRH vaccine and Zona Pellucida vaccine
GnRH vaccine - animal does NOT come into estrus or cycle
Zona Pellucida vaccine - animal continues to cycle and enter estrus
zona pellucida vaccine MOA
antibodies against zona pellucida proteins (ZP1, ZP2, ZP3) block sperm binding sites preventing sperm from binding thus blocking fertilization
still enter estrus and cycle
main side effect of megestrol acetate (ovaban) in dogs
adrenal suppression
main side effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (depo-provera) in dogs
mammary neoplasia
