Exam 2 Chapter 26 Seed plants

Question 1

vascular plants

Answer 1

Tracheophyta.
Presence of conduction tissue.
tallest living species

Question 2

environmental effects of burning plant related products

Answer 2

burning peat, wood, coal, and petroleum release the carbon dioxide that plants removed and stored in tissue and increases in CO2 (green house gas) triggers temperature rise by retaining solar heat

Question 3

seed

Answer 3

includes embryo (sporophyte 2n)
endosperm (food source for embryo 3n)
protective cover

The advantages of retaining the young sporophyte as an embryo within the parents is to protect it from desiccation, supply it with nutrients, and protect it from pathogens and UV light.

Seeds are tough, so they can resist abrasion, remain dormant to survive unfavorable conditions, and do not require water as a medium for sperm transport (as seen in non-seed plants). But when compared to spores, considerably fewer are produced. Fruits are simply ripened ovaries containing seeds.

Question 4

Male gametophyte

Answer 4

pollen.

dispersed by wind and pollinators

Question 5

female gametophyte

Answer 5

develop within ovule

Question 6

gymnosperms

Answer 6

first seed plants: coniferophyta, ginkgophyta, cycadophyta, gnetophyta.

produce naked seeds since they are not enclosed in fruits.

Question 7

cycads

Answer 7

longest surviving group of gymnosperms, resemble a palm tree, largest sperm cell of all organisms.

Question 8

conifers

Answer 8

Most familiar gymnosperm phylum includes Pines, spruces, firs, cedars, and othersCoastal redwood – Tallest living vascular plant
Bristlecone pine – Oldest living tree
Found in colder and sometimes drier regions of the world
Conifers are sources of important products
Timber, paper, resin, and taxol (anti-cancer)

Question 9

Ginkophyte

Answer 9

only one extant species (Ginko bilboa)

Question 10

seed plants

Answer 10

seed plants produce two kinds of gametophytes; pollen grains are conveyed to female gametophyte by wind or pollinators, sperm reaches eggs by traveling through a pollen tube and a dormant phase is introduced into the life cycle

seed plants use meiosis to produce microspores and megaspores

Question 11

Angiosperm

Answer 11

produce fruits.
Flowers, pollen, nectar.
endosperm in seeds.

Question 12

Wind pollination

Answer 12

used by following angiosperms: oaks, grasses, and birches.

Question 13

Fruit

Answer 13

mature ripened ovary containing fertilized seeds

Question 14

stomata

Answer 14

pore-like structures on leaves that open and close depending on environmental conditions thereby regulating intake of carbon dioxide, release of oxygen, and loss of water.

Question 15

Cutin

Answer 15

polymer on the leaves of vascular plants that protects them from pathogens and dehydration.

Question 16

xylem

Answer 16

transports water and dissolved minerals upward from the roots to stems and leaves

Question 17

phloem

Answer 17

transports carbohydrates (food) away from the green parts of plant to rest of plant

Question 18

dispersion

Answer 18

transport of seeds and coevolution allowed angiosperms to take over.