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NRSG 110: Med Surg 2 > [Exam 2] Chapter 21: Respiratory Care Modalities (Page 510-521) > Flashcards

[Exam 2] Chapter 21: Respiratory Care Modalities (Page 510-521) Flashcards

1
Q

Oxygen Therapy: What is Hypoxemia?

A

Decrease in the arterial oxygen tension in teh blood, manifested by changes in mental status, dyspnea, increase in BP, and cool extremities.

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2
Q

Oxygen Therapy: What is Hypoxia?

A

Decrease in oxygen supply to the tissues and cells

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3
Q

Oxygen Toxicity: When would this occur?

A

When too high cocnentration ox oxygen is given for an extended period

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4
Q

Oxygen Toxicity: What happens if this is untreated?

A

Radicals can severly damage the alveolar capillary membrane leading to pulmonary edema and cell death

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5
Q

Oxygen Toxicity: Signs and Symptoms of this?

A

Substernal discomfort, paresthesias, dyspnea restlessness, fatigue, and respiratory difficulty

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6
Q

Oxygen Toxicity: Why would absorption atelectasis occur?

A

Th extra oxygen replaces the nitrogen which is used to maintain patency. Alveoli collapse

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7
Q

Supression of Ventilation: What is the Hypoxic drive theory for those with COPD?

A

Posited that administration of high cocnentration of oxygen removes the respiratory drive created by patients chronic low oxygen tension. Causes increased PaCO2.

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8
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration: What delivers the most precise and reliable oxygen concentration?

A

Venturi Mask

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9
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration: How much air cna be adminisered in a nasal canula?

A

6L

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10
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration: Oxygen delivery systems are identified as

A

low-flow (variable performance) or high flow (fixed performance)

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11
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration: What air does a patient on a low-flow systme breathe?

A

Air in their tank and in the room

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12
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration: When is a nasal cannula used?

A

When patient requires low-to medium concentration for oxygen when precise accuracy is not esstential.

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13
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration: When is a Nasal Catheter used?

A

Rarely used byt may be prescribed for short-term therapy to administer low-to moderate concentrations of oxygen.

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14
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration: Simple masks are used to administer

A

low-to-moderate concentrations of oxygen. Stores oxygen between breaths . Has openings on the side

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15
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration: What are partial rebreathing masks?

A

Have reservoir bag that must remain inflated during inspiration adn expiration. Nurse adjusts oxygen to ensure bag does not collapse

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16
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration, Partial Rebreathing Masks: What happens to air as patient breathes.

A

When inhaling, gas drawn from mask, bag, and potentially room air

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17
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration, Nonbreabthing Masks: How does gas flow work here?

A

Gas may enter the base of mask from the bag but cannot flow back into the bag on expiration

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18
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration, Nonbreabthing Masks: Can room air enter the mask?

A

No. One wayy vales located at exhalation ports prevent room air from entering

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19
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration, Venturi Mask: How does airflow work here?

A

Mask is constructed in a way that allows a constant flow of room air blended wiht a fixed flow of oxygen.

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20
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration, Venturi Mask: Used for patients with

A

COPD

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21
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration, Transtracheal Oxygen Catheter: What does this require?

A

Minor surgery to insert a catheter through a small incision directly into the trchea

22
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration, Transtracheal Oxygen Catheter: Who is this made for?

A

Those with Chronic oxygen therapy needs

23
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration, T-Piece: What is this?

A

Special adaptor used to deliver oxygen.

24
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration: What is Hyperbaric oxygen therapy?

A

The administration of 100% oxygen at pressures greater than atmospheric pressure

25
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration: Why is Hyperbaric oxygen therapy done?

A

Treats decompression sickness, carbon monoxide poisoning, cyanide poisoning, and wound healing .

26
Q

Methods of Oxygen Administration: Potential side effects of Hyperbaric oxygen therapy?

A

Ear Trauma, Central Nervous System Disorders, Oxygen Toxicity, and Anxiety

27
Q

Incentive Spirometry: What is this?

A

Method of deep breathing that provides visual feedback to encourage patient to inhale slowly and deeply to maximize lung inflation

28
Q

Incentive Spirometry: Used to prevent what?

A

Atelectasis

29
Q

Incentive Spirometry: What is the purpose of this?

A

Ensure that volume of air inhaled is increased gradually as patient takes deper and deeper breaths

30
Q

Incentive Spirometry: What two types of available?

A

Volume or flow

31
Q

Incentive Spirometry: What is a volume type?

A

Tidal volume is set using the manufacturers instructions. Pauses at peak inhalation.

32
Q

Incentive Spirometry: What is a Flow type?

A

Volume is not present. Contains number of moveable balls pushed by force of breath.

33
Q

Incentive Spirometry: How is amount of air inhaled and flow of air estimated?

A

By how long and how high the balls are suspended

34
Q

Incentive Spirometry: This is used when?

A

After surgery, especialyl thoracic or abdominal surgegry

35
Q

Incentive Spirometry: What does nursing management include?

A

Positioning of patient, encourage use, set realistic goals, and record outcomes

36
Q

Incentive Spirometry: Patient Education would include

A

Use IS 10 breaths per hour

Inhale slowly with lips around mouth piece then hold, then exhale

37
Q

Mini Nebulizer Therapy: What is a small volume nebulizer?

A

Handheld apparatus that disperses a moisutrizing agent or medication into microscopic particles and delivers into lungs, making a visible mist

38
Q

Mini Nebulizer Therapy: Why might someone need this?

A

Those who cannot clear respiratory secretions

Reduced VC with ineffective deep breathing and coughing

39
Q

Mini Nebulizer Therapy: Instructions for patient?

A

Slow, deep breathing through the mouth and hold a few seocnds at the end of inspiration.

Cough to exercise mobile secretions.

Do diaphragmatic breathing

40
Q

Mini Nebulizer Therapy: What should you assess before and after treatment?

A

HR, Lung Sounds, RR

41
Q

Postural Drainage: This allows force of gravity to assist in the removal of

A

bronchial secretions.

42
Q

Postural Drainage: This is used to prevent or relieve

A

bronchial obstruction caused by accumulation of secretions

43
Q

Postural Drainage: Do not do this when?

A

Immediately following a meal

44
Q

Postural Drainage: Position patient so that gravity will

A

move secretions

45
Q

Postural Drainage: Assess lung sounds when?

A

Before and after treatment

46
Q

Postural Drainage, Nursing Management: How often is potural drainage performed?

A

2-4 times a day, before meals and at bedtime

47
Q

Postural Drainage, Nursing Management: Recommended sequence starts with

A

positions to drain the lower lobes following by draining the upper lobes

48
Q

Chest Physiotherapy (CPT): Thick secretions that are difficult to cough up may be lossened by

A

tapping (percussing) and vibrating the chest or though use of a vest

49
Q

Chest Physiotherapy (CPT): Chest Percussions are carried out by

A

cupping the hands and lightly strinking the chest in a rhythmic fashion over the lung segment to be drained

50
Q

Chest Physiotherapy (CPT): What are the goals?

A

Remove secretions, improve ventilation, and increased efficiency of respiratory muscles

51
Q

Chest Physiotherapy (CPT): This is frequently indicated at home for patients with

A

COPD, Bronchiectasis, or cystic fibrosis.

NRSG 110: Med Surg 2 (29 decks)

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