Exam 2: Ch. 4 (generated notes) Flashcards
According to Piaget, during which stage do children first begin to use symbols such as words and images?
a) Sensorimotor stage
b) Preoperational stage
c) Concrete operational stage
d) Formal operational stage
b) Preoperational stage
What is assimilation in Piaget’s theory of development?
a) Adapting cognitive structures to fit new stimuli
b) Adapting external stimuli to fit existing cognitive structures
c) Solving problems through mental manipulation
d) Learning from other children in the environment
b) Adapting external stimuli to fit existing cognitive structures
Which of the following is a hallmark of the sensorimotor stage?
a) Abstract reasoning
b) The use of symbolic thought
c) Anticipating familiar, recurring events
d) Logical thinking about concrete objects
c) Anticipating familiar, recurring events
What is object permanence?
a) The ability to understand that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight
b) The ability to solve abstract problems
c) The ability to think in symbols
d) The understanding that all objects are the same
a) The ability to understand that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight
In the sensorimotor stage, primary circular reactions involve:
a) Repeating interesting behaviors with objects
b) Experimenting with new behaviors to achieve different outcomes
c) Repeating interesting behaviors involving the baby’s own body
d) Holding images or concepts in the head
c) Repeating interesting behaviors involving the baby’s own body
In the preoperational stage, children have difficulty solving problems because they:
a) Lack motor coordination
b) Focus on how things look rather than logical reasoning
c) Can’t understand the permanence of objects
d) Rely too heavily on abstract reasoning
b) Focus on how things look rather than logical reasoning
Which of the following best describes the concrete operational stage?
a) The ability to solve hypothetical problems
b) Logical reasoning limited to concrete objects
c) The use of symbols without logical thought
d) Experimenting with novel situations
b) Logical reasoning limited to concrete objects
Conservation of liquid quantity is a task used to assess children’s understanding in which stage of development?
a) Sensorimotor stage
b) Preoperational stage
c) Concrete operational stage
d) Formal operational stage
c) Concrete operational stage
The A-not-B error is typically seen in:
a) Preoperational children struggling with logical reasoning
b) Sensorimotor infants looking for hidden objects in familiar locations
c) Concrete operational children reasoning through abstract problems
d) Formal operational adolescents experimenting with hypotheses
b) Sensorimotor infants looking for hidden objects in familiar locations
Which of the following best represents accommodation?
a) Repeating an action that involves an interesting object
b) Modifying a child’s cognitive structure to fit new stimuli
c) Understanding that an object exists when out of sight
d) Balancing new and old information
b) Modifying a child’s cognitive structure to fit new stimuli
What are tertiary circular reactions in Piaget’s sensorimotor stage?
a) Repeating behaviors involving the baby’s own body
b) Experimenting with new actions to explore objects in novel ways
c) Using logical reasoning to solve abstract problems
d) Repeating behaviors involving objects
b) Experimenting with new actions to explore objects in novel ways
In Piaget’s theory, why do preoperational children struggle with tasks like the conservation of number?
a) They focus on appearance rather than reality.
b) They don’t understand that objects continue to exist when out of sight.
c) They lack basic motor skills to interact with objects.
d) They focus on hypothetical problems rather than concrete ones.
a) They focus on appearance rather than reality.
Schacter critiques Piaget’s view of object permanence by suggesting that young infants may struggle due to:
a) Lack of logical reasoning
b) Deficits in search skills
c) Poor memory
d) A misunderstanding of symbols
c) Poor memory
The formal operational stage is characterized by the ability to:
a) Think logically about concrete objects
b) Engage in symbolic thought
c) Reason abstractly and hypothetically
d) Perform basic motor actions
c) Reason abstractly and hypothetically
Which of the following best describes the role of nature and nurture in Piaget’s theory?
a) Development is entirely dependent on biological factors.
b) Development is entirely shaped by environmental experiences.
c) Development is a result of an interaction between innate factors and environmental experiences.
d) Children passively absorb information from their environment.
c) Development is a result of an interaction between innate factors and environmental experiences.
