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Medical Terminology > Exam 2 Cards > Flashcards

Exam 2 Cards Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What term describes decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part

A

Ischemia

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2
Q

Which structure is located inferior to the mitral valve

A

Left ventrical

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3
Q

cells that engulf and digest cellular debris are called

A

phagocytes

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4
Q

what blood vessel carries oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs

A

pulmonary artery

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5
Q

hematochezia

A

passage of stools containing bright red blood

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6
Q

-prandial

A

meal

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7
Q

a mass of enlarged twisted veins in the mucous membranes inside or outside of the rectum is calle a:

A

hemorrhoid

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8
Q

the section of the large intestine associated with the appendix is the:

A

cecum

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9
Q

Buccal

A

pertaining to the cheek

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10
Q

a narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the first part of the small intestine that occurs in the neonate is calle:

A

pyloric stenosis

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11
Q

bacterial or fungal infection that requires prompt medical attention is known as:

A

peritonitis

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12
Q

surgical procedure to correct a prolapsed kidney

A

nephropexy

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13
Q

medical word for scanty urinary output is:

A

oliguria

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14
Q

what is the meaning of nephrolithotomy

A

incision to remove a renal calculus

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15
Q

end-stage renal disease is synonymous with:

A

chronic renal failure

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16
Q

the combining form vesic/o means:

A

bladder

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17
Q

what is the term for the diagnostic procedure used to examine the anus and rectum

A

proctoscopy

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18
Q

after teh electrical impulse of the heart passes through the AV node, it travels next to the:

A

bundle of His

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19
Q

a type of dialysis that uses the abdominal membrane to remove toxins in patients with kidney failure is called:

A

peritoneal dialysis

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20
Q

medical condition in which a woman’s bladder bulges into her vagina

A

cystocele

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21
Q

Renal abcess may lead to

A

pyuria

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22
Q

diagnostic procedure uses a radioactive substance to produce images of the kidney’s structure and function?

A

renal nuclear scan

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23
Q

cystectomy is the surgical procedure for:

A

excision of the bladder

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24
Q

painful urination is known as:

A

dysuria

25
Q

waste products, such as urea, are microscopically filtered from blood by the:

A

nephrons

26
Q

which surgical procedure treats morbid obesity by shortening the jejunum?

A

roux-en-Y gastric bypass

27
Q

a cholelith is a:

A

gallstone

28
Q

the bowel disorder Chron disease is also known as

A

regional ileitis

29
Q

during digestion, the gallbladder releases bile into the:

A

small intestine

30
Q

removal of a clot

A

thrombectomy

31
Q

chest pain associated with coronary artery disease is called:

A

angina

32
Q

what streptococcal infection causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle?

A

rheumatic heart disease

33
Q

serous fluid in the abdomen is called?

A

ascites

34
Q

Rheumatic heart disease is caused by

A

rheumatic fever

35
Q

anastomosis

A

surgical joining of 2 ducts, blood vessels, or bowel segments

36
Q

duodenum

A

first part of the small intestine

37
Q

jejunum

A

the second part of the small intestine

38
Q

ileum

A

the third part of the small intestine

39
Q

The 4 parts of the large intestine (colon):

A

ascending colon
transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon

40
Q

hypoxia

A

decreased supply of oxygen to a body part

41
Q

The 4 chambers of the heart

A 
right atrium (RA)
left atrium (LA)
right ventricle (RV)
left ventricle (LV)
42
Q

mass of undisolved matter - commonly a blood clot, fatty plaque, or air bubble - that travels through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel

A

embolus

43
Q

condition in which bulgign pouches in the GI tract push the mucosal lining through the surrounding muscle

A

diverticular disease

44
Q

IBD

A

Inflammatory bowel disease.

Ulceration of the colon mucosa

45
Q

twisting of the bowel on itself, causing obstruction

A

volvulus

46
Q

systole

A

contraction phase of the heart

47
Q

diastole

A

relaxation phase of the heart

48
Q

lack of voluntary control over urination

A

incontinence

49
Q

procedure that uses shock-waves to break up stones in the kidney and parts of the ureter

A

lithotripsy

50
Q

abnormal narrowing of a passage in the body

A

stenosis

51
Q

the funnel-like dilated part of the ureter in the kidney

A

renal pelvis

52
Q

excess fluid trapped in the bodys tissues

A

edema

53
Q

dent/o

odont/o

A

teeth

54
Q

gingiv/o

A

gum(s)

55
Q

gloss/o

lingu/o

A

tongue

56
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

57
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

58
Q

nephr/o

ren/o

A

kidney

59
Q

cyst/o

vesic/o

A

bladder

Medical Terminology (7 decks)

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