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Medical Terminology > Chapter 8: Reproductive Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Reproductive Systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

amni/o

A

amnion (amniotic sac)

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2
Q

cervic/o

A

neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)

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3
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

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4
Q

vagin/o

A

vagina

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5
Q

galact/o

A

milk

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6
Q

lact/o

A

milk

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7
Q

gynec/o

A

woman, female

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8
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus (womb)

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9
Q

uter/o

A

uterus (womb)

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10
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

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11
Q

mast/o

A

breast

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12
Q

men/o

A

menses, menstruation

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13
Q

metr/o

A

uterus (womb); measure

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14
Q

nat/o

A

birth

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15
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

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16
Q

ovari/o

A

ovary

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17
Q

perine/o

A

perineum

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18
Q

salping/o

A

tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

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19
Q

vulv/o

A

vulva

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20
Q

episi/o

A

vulva

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21
Q

-arche

A

beginning

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22
Q

-gravida

A

pregnant woman

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23
Q

-para

A

to bear (offspring)

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24
Q

-salpinx

A

tube (usually fallopian fo eustachian [auditory] tubes)

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25
Q

-tocia

A

childbirth, labor

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26
Q

-version

A

turning

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27
Q

Internal reproductive organs for females

A

ovaries
fallopian tubes
uterus
vagina

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28
Q

oophoropathy

A

diesases of the ovaries

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29
Q

surgical reapair of a fallopian tube is called:

A

salpingoplasty

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30
Q

salpingoscope

A

an instrument for viewing the fallopian tube(s)

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31
Q

oviducts

A

other term for fallopian tubes

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32
Q

hysterectomy

A

excision of the uterus

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33
Q

hysteroptosis

A

prolapse or downward dispalcement of the uterus

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34
Q

surgical repair of the uterus (3)

A

hysteroplasty
uteroplasty
metroplasty

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35
Q

Dilation and curettage (D&C)

A

a surgical procedure to widen (dilate) the cervical canal of the uterus and scrape (curet) the endometrium of the uterus.

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36
Q

cessation fo the menses

A

menopause

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37
Q

through, or across the skin

A

transdermal

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38
Q

the 2 important hormones secreated by the ovaries:

A

estrogen

progesterone

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39
Q

instrument used to measure the uterus and prevent perforation during dilation is called:

A

uterine sound

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40
Q

clopitis

A

inflammation of the vagina

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41
Q

cloporrhaphy

A

a suture of the vagina

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42
Q

vesicovaginal fistula

A

the abnormal connection that develops between the bladder and the vagina

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43
Q

External structures or genitalia of female reproductive system

A

labia majora (outer lips of vagina)
labia minora (smaller, inner lips of vagina)
clitoris
Bartholin glands

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44
Q

cervix

A

the neck of the uterus and extends into the upper portion fo the vagina.

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45
Q

cervicitis

A

inflammation of the cervix

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46
Q

a specialist in the study of female reporductive disorders:

A

gynecologist

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47
Q

GYN

A

abbreviation for gynecology

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48
Q

OB-GYN

A

obstetrics and gynecology

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49
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful or difficult menstrual flow

50
Q

scanty or infrequent menstrual flow

A

oligomenorrhea

51
Q

pain in the breast

A

mastodynia

mastalgia

52
Q

when a breast has to be removed, the patient undergoes a:

A

mastectomy

53
Q

estrogen is responsible for the development of:

A

adipose tissue

54
Q

breast size is primarily determined by the amount of fat around the:

A

glandular tissue

55
Q

prenatal

A

period before birth

56
Q

postnatal

A

period after birth

57
Q

physician who specializes in the care and treatment of the neonate (newborn infant)

A

neonatologist

58
Q 
gravida 4 (G4)
gravida 2 (G2)
A

woman in her 4th pregnancy

woman in her 2nd pregnancy

59
Q

para 2 means

para 5 means

A

2 deliveries

5 deliveries

60
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

a collective term for inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, adn adjacent pelvix structures. Usually caused by a bacterial infection.

61
Q

STI

A

sexually transmitted disease

62
Q

incision into the uterus

A

hysterotomy

63
Q

cesarean section

A

CS, C-section

64
Q

andr/o

A

male

65
Q

balan/o

A

glans penis

66
Q

gonad/o

A

gonads, sex glands

67
Q

orch/o

A

testis (plural, testes)

68
Q

orchi/o

A

testis (plural, testes)

69
Q

orchid/o

A

testis (plural, testes)

70
Q

test/o

A

testis (plural, testes)

71
Q

prostat/o

A

prostate gland

72
Q

spermat/o

A

spermatozoa, sperm cells

73
Q

sperm/i

A

spermatozoa, sperm cells

74
Q

sperm/o

A

spermatozoa, sperm cells

75
Q

varic/o

A

dilated vein

76
Q

vas/o

A

vessel; vas deferens; duct

77
Q

testes produce which hormone

A

testosterone

78
Q

testitits

A

inflammation of the testis

79
Q

spermatogenesis

A

beginning or formation of sperm cells, or spermatozoa

80
Q

spermatolith

A

a stone or calculus in the spermatic duct

81
Q

spermaturia

A

a condition in which there is sperm in the urine

82
Q

aspermatism

A

a condition in which a male lacks sperm

83
Q

oligospermia

A

condition of scanty sperm, or low sperm count

84
Q

epididymis

A

a comma-shaped (,) organ that stores and propels sperm toward teh urethra during ejaculation

85
Q

the duct that transports sperm from the testes to the urethra

A

vas deferens or ductus deferens

86
Q

Cowper glands

A

seminal vesicles
prostate gland
bulbourethral glands
(semen is a mixture of secreations from these glands)

87
Q

orchioplasty

A

surgical repair of the testicle

88
Q

BPH

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

89
Q

Benign prostratic hyperplasia

A

a gradual enlargment of the prostate gland that normally occurs as a man ages.

90
Q

-plasia

A

formation, growth

91
Q

-trophy

A

development, nourishment

92
Q

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen test

blood test that screens for prostate abnormalities

93
Q

prostatocystotomy

A

incision of the prostate and bladder

94
Q

glans penis

A

the slightly enlarged region at the tip of the penis

95
Q

Common purposes for male and female reproductive systems:

A
  • produce and unite gametes (reproductive cells)
  • transport gametes to sites of fertilization
  • perpetuate the species (pass genetic material from generation to generation)
96
Q

vasectomy

A

a sterilization procedure, involves bilateral cutting and tying fo the vas deferens to prevent the passage of sperm.

97
Q

vasovasostomy

A

reversal of a vasectomy in order for a man to regain his fertility

98
Q

G

A

gravida (pregnant)

99
Q

P

A

para (number of births)

100
Q

LMP

A

last menstrual period

101
Q

TSS

A

toxic shock syndrome

102
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostrate

103
Q

HPV

A

human papillomavirus

104
Q

vaginal fungal infection characterized by a curdy, or cheeselike, discharge adn extreme itching

A

candidiasis

105
Q

anorchism

A

congenital absence of one or both testes

106
Q

balanitis

A

inflammation of the skin covering the glans penis

107
Q

impotence

A

inability of a man to achieve or maintain an erection; commonly called erectile dysfunction (ED)

108
Q

amniocentesis

A

obstetric procedure that involves surgical puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance to remove amniotic fluid

109
Q

mammography

A

radiography of the breast used to diagnose benign and malignant tumors

110
Q

Papanicolaou (Pap) test

A

microscopic analysis of cells taken from the cervix and vaginato detect the presence of carcinoma

111
Q

mastectomy

A

complete or partial exicsion of one or both breasts

112
Q

sterilization procedure that involves blocking both fallopian tubes by cutting or burning them and tying them off

A

tubal ligation

113
Q

circumcision

A

surgical removal of the foreskin, or prepuce, of the penis.

114
Q

chlamydia

A

sexually transmitted bacterial infection that cuases cervicitis in women adn urethritis and epididymitis in men

115
Q

gonorrhea

A

sexually transmitted bacterial infection of the mucous membrane of the genital tract in men and women

116
Q

herpes genitalis

A

highly contagious viral infection of the male and female that is transmitted by direct contact with infected body secretions. Can recur spontaneously once the virus has been acquired.

117
Q

syphilis

A

infectious, chronic STI characterized initially by skin lesions (chancers), typically on the genitals, rectum, or mouth

118
Q

trichomoniasis

A

infection of the vagina or male genital tract that commonly causes vaginitis, urethritis, and cystitis.

119
Q

endometriosis

A

painful disorder in which tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterine cavity

120
Q

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

A

rare and sometimes fatal infection that generally occurs in menstruating women, most of whom use vaginal tampons fo rmenstrual protection

121
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

implantation of the fertilized ovum outside of the uterine cavity, such as a fallopian tube, an ovary, the abdomen, or the cervix uteri

122
Q

eclampsia

A

nonconvulsive form of gestational hypertension that is a medical emergency and life-threatening to the mother and baby

Medical Terminology (7 decks)

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