Chapter 10: Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
fasci/o
A
band, fascia (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles)
2
Q
fibr/o
A
fiber, fibrous tissue
3
Q
leiomy/o
A
smooth muscle (viceral)
4
Q
lumb/o
A
loins (lower back)
5
Q
muscul/o
A
muscle
6
Q
my/o
A
muscle
7
Q
ten/o
A
tendon
8
Q
tend/o
A
tendon
9
Q
tendin/o
A
tendon
10
Q
-algi
A
pain
11
Q
-asthenia
A
weakness, debility
12
Q
-pathy
A
disease
13
Q
-plegia
A
paralysis
14
Q
-rrhaphy
A
suture
15
Q
-sarcoma
A
malignant tumor of connective tissue
16
Q
carp/o
A
carpus (wrist bones)
17
Q
cervic/o
A
neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)
18
Q
cost/o
A
ribs
19
Q
crani/o
A
cranium (skull)
20
Q
humer/o
A
humerus (upper arm bone)
21
Q
metacarp/o
A
metacarpus (hand bones)
22
Q
phalang/o
A
phalanges (bones of the fingers and toes)
23
Q
spondyl/o
A
vertebra (backbone) [used to form words about the condition of a structure]
24
Q
vertebr/o
A
vertebra (backbone) [used to form words that describe a structure]
25
stern/o
sternum (breastbone)
26
calcane/o
calcaneum (heel bone)
27
femor/o
femur (thigh bone)
28
fibul/o
fibula (smaller, outer bone of the lower leg)
29
patell/o
patella (kneecap)
30
pelv/i
pelvis
31
pelv/o
pelvis
32
radi/o
radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on the thumb side)
33
tibi/o
tibia (larger bone of the lower leg)
34
ankyl/o
stiffness; bent, crooked
35
arthr/o
joint
36
chondr/o
cartilage
37
lamin/o
lamina (part of the vertebral arch)
38
myel/o
bone marrow; spinal cord
39
orth/o
straight
40
oste/o
bone
41
-clast
to break; surgical fracture
42
-cyte
cell
43
-desis
binding, fixation (of a bone or joint)
44
-malacia
softening
45
-physis
growth
46
-porosis
porous
47
peri
around
48
distal
away from point of reference
49
proximal
toward point of reference
50
the 2 ends of bones are called
distal epiphysis,
| proximal epiphysis
51
osteomalacia
softening of bones
52
osteomalacia that occurs in children is called:
rickets
53
synarthroses
totally immovable joints
54
diarthroses
freely movable joints
55
slightly movable joints
amphiarthroses
56
the surgical procedure to replace a hip joint that has been destroyed by disease or osteoarthritis is known as:
total hip arthroplasty or THR
57
closed fracture
the bone is broken without causing an open wound, and surrounding tissue damage is minimal
58
open fracture
also called a compound fracture, means the broken end of a bone pierces the skin, creating an open wound.
59
greenstick fracture
an incomplete break fo a soft bone and means that the bone is partially bent and partially broken (usually occur in children)
60
comminuted fracture
occurs when the bone is broken into pieces
61
impacted fracture
the broken ends of a bone are forced into one another; many bone fragments may be created by such a fracture
62
complicated fracture
involves extensive soft tissue injury, such as when a broken rib pierces a lung
63
Colles fracture
a break of the lower end of the radius, which occurs just above the wrist. Causes displacement of the hand, and usually occurs as a result of flexing a hand to cushion a fall.
64
incomplete fracture
when the lines of fracture does not inculde the whole bone.
65
cervical vertebrae
(7) form teh skeletal framework of the neck.
66
atlas
the first cervical vertebra, supports the skull
67
axis
(4) enables the skull to rotate on the neck
68
thoratic vertebrae
(12) support the chest and serve as a point of articulation (joining together to allow motion between parts) for the ribs
69
lumbar vertebrae
(6) situated in the lower back and carry most of the weight of the torso.
70
sacral vertebrae
(5) below the lumbar vertebrae that are fused into a single bone called the sacrum during adulthood
71
coccyx
the tail of the vertebral column
72
AP
anteroposterior (front to back)
73
Fx
fracture
74
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
75
muscular dystrophy
group of hereditary diseases characterized by gradual atrophy and weakness of muscle tissue
76
myasthenia gravis (MG)
autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by severe muscular weakness and progressive fatigue
77
sprain
trauma to a joint that causes injury to the surrounding ligament, accompanied by pain and disability
78
strain
trauma to a muscle from overuse or excessive forcible stretch in which great toe is angled laterally toward the other toes.
79
torticollis
spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles, causing stiffness and twisting of the neck
80
bunion
deformity characterized by lateral deviation fo the great toe as it turns in toward the second toe
81
carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
pain or numbness resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel
82
Ewing sarcoma
malignant tumor that develops from bone marrow, usually in the long bones or the pelvis
83
gout
hereditary metabolic disease that is a form fo acute arthritis, characterized by excessive uric acid in blood and around the joints
84
Paget disease
skeletal disease that affects older people and causes chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones and bowing of the long bones
85
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease affecting the cynovial membranes of multiple joints, eventually resulting in crippling deformities
86
kyphosis
increased curvature of the thoratic region of the vertebral column, leading to a humpback posture
87
lordosis
forward curvature of the lumbar region of the vertebral column, leading to a sway-back posture
88
scoliosis
abnormal sideward curvature of the spine to the left or right
89
malacia
vitamine defieiency that results in softening and weakening of the skeleton
