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MUSC Pharmacology > EXAM 2 Atypical Organisms > Flashcards

EXAM 2 Atypical Organisms Flashcards

1
Q

3 characteristics of Mycoplasmas

A
  1. smallest free living organism
  2. lack cell wall
  3. no gram stain
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2
Q

name of mycoplasma bacteria

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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3
Q

what does Mycoplasma pneumoniae cause?

A

“atypical” pneumonia

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4
Q

2 characteristics of spirochetes

A
  1. thin-walled

2. spiral rods

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5
Q

names of 3 spirochete bacteria

A
  1. Treponema pallidum
  2. Borrelia burgdorferi
  3. Leptospira interrogans
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6
Q

bacteria that causes syphilis

A

Treponema pallidum

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7
Q

what does Treponema pallidum cause?

A

syphilis

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8
Q

bacteria that causes lime disease

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

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9
Q

what does Borrelia burgdorferi cause?

A

lime disease

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10
Q

bacteria that causes leptospirosis

A

Leptospira interrogans

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11
Q

what does Leptospira interrogans cause

A

leptospirosis

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12
Q

3 human diseases caused by spirochetes

A

syphilis
lime disease
leptospirosis

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13
Q

3 characteristics of Chlamydiae bacteria

A
  1. obligate intracellular bacteria
  2. rigid cell wall but no typical peptidoglycan layet
  3. no gram stain
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14
Q

names of 2 Chlamydiae bacteria

A
  1. Chlamydia trachomatis

2. Chlamydophila pneumoniae

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15
Q

bacteria name of most common STI un US

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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16
Q

what Chlamydiae bacteria causes conjunctivitis, pneumonia, and urethritis?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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17
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis causes what 3 things?

A

conjunctivitis, pneumonia, and urethritis

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18
Q

what Chlamydiae bacteria causes “atypical” pneumonia?

A

Chlamydophila pneumoniae

19
Q

Chlamydophila pneumoniae causes what ?

A

“atypical” pneumonia?

20
Q

Chlamydiae bacteria causes a wide variety of diseases, which include what areas of the body?

A

eye, respiratory, and genital tract

21
Q

Rickettsiae 2 characterisitcs

A

Obligate intracellular parasites

Stain poorly with Gram stain

22
Q

Rickettsiae causes what 2 diseases

A

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Q fever

23
Q

2 species of Rickettsiae bacteria

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

Coxiella burnetii

24
Q

Rickettsiae bacteria species that causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

25
Q

Rickettsiae bacteria species that causes Q fever

A

Coxiella burnetii

26
Q

how is Rickettsia rickettsii transmitted?

A

Transmitted by ticks from dogs/rodents

27
Q

how is Coxiella burnetii transmitted?

A

From livestock via airborne droplets

28
Q

Acinetobacter baumannii is what type of bacteria?

A

Coccobacillary rods

29
Q

is the bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii an opportunistic pathogen?

30
Q

ventilator-associated pneumonia is caused by what bacteria?

A

Acinetobacter baumannii

31
Q

what setting does the bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii normally cause infections?

A

hospital setting- specifically with respiratory equipment and indwelling catheters

32
Q

moest frequent manifestations of Acinetobacter baumannii

A

Sepsis, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections are the most frequent manifestations

33
Q

important characteristic about. Acinetobacter baumannii

A

remarkably antibiotic resistant, and some isolates are resistant to all known antibiotics

34
Q

bacteria that causes bacterial vaginosis

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

35
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis is what type of bacteria?

A

Facultative gram-variable rod

36
Q

what is bacterial vaginosis (Gardnerella vaginalis) characterized by?

A

malodorous vaginal discharge and clue cells,

37
Q

what are clue cells?

A

vaginal epithelial cells covered with bacteria

38
Q

HACEK Group of bacteria are what type of bacteria?

A

small Gram-negative rods

39
Q

characteristics of HACEK Group of bacteria

A

slow growth in culture
the requirement for high CO2 levels to grow in culture
and the ability to cause endocarditis

40
Q

HACEK Group are memebers of what normal flora?

A

human oropharyngeal flora

41
Q

bacteria that causes the sexually transmitted disease chancroid (soft chancre)

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

42
Q

bacteria that causes “syphilis of the tropics”

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

43
Q

what type of bacteria is Haemophilus ducreyi

A

small gram-negative rod

44
Q

symptoms caused by Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid disease)

A

penile lesions, which are painful; nonindurated (soft) ulcers; and local lymphadenitis (bubo)

MUSC Pharmacology (10 decks)

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